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Explore the background, causes, and effects of the 1930s Great Depression in the US, including the stock market crash, life during the depression, FDR's New Deal, and its impact on society. Discover key events and programs that shaped this pivotal era.
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Background • 1930-1940 • 1929- Pres. Herbert Hoover inaugurated • High stock prices
Causes • Overproduction in 1920s • Less consumer purchasing • Bank failures • People deposit $ didn’t get back
Causes (cont.) • Taxes on imports • High U.S. tariffs on Euro goods • Euros raised their tariffs no exports • Tight grip on trade
The Great Crash • Oct. 29, 1929 • “Black Tuesday” • Less demand for luxury items • Lack of capital • Huge individual debts
Life during the GD • 1933- 12 mil unemployed (25%) • Bread lines, soup kitchens • John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath • The Dust Bowl • Major drought in Great Plains • Water management • Families fled to Cali relief crisis
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) • 1932- elected Pres. • “Fireside chats” – restore confidence • Increased role of gov’t • Ease U.S. out of GD • Eventually led U.S. in WWII
The New Deal • Implement new gov’t programs • Aid farms, businesses • FDIC- protect consumers if bank fails • Civilian Conservation Corps • Natural resources • Provided jobs
The New Deal (cont.) • Works Progress Admin. • Roads, buildings • Provided jobs to artists • Social Security (1935) • Provide income to retired • Tennessee Valley Authority • Dams, plants huge employment • Cheap elec. power, flood control