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Judaism

Judaism. Religion ? Nationality? Culture? Ethnic Group?. God. Sh'ma Yisra'eil Adonai Eloheinu Adonai echad. Hear, Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is One. Afterlife. No mandated, official, definitive belief

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Judaism

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  1. Judaism Religion ? Nationality? Culture? Ethnic Group?

  2. God Sh'ma Yisra'eil Adonai Eloheinu Adonai echad.Hear, Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is One.

  3. Afterlife • No mandated, official, definitive belief • Judaism does believe in an afterlife, but it is not the primary focus of our religion and there is a lot of room for personal opinion about the nature of the afterlife. • Judaism is more concerned about actions than beliefs Deed rather than Creed

  4. Sin and Judgment • God formed man (vayyitzer) with two impulses yezter tov (good impulse) and yestzer ra (bad impulse) • Yezter tov—moral conscious • Yezter ra—difficult to define, many different ideas (not really desire to do evil, not really Satan/external) • Concept of “sin” is simply straying off course • Teshuva is returning • Yom Kippur, • day of saying “I’m sorry”, turning back, • God seals fate for the next year

  5. Practices • Shabbat (Sabbath) • Holidays • Rosh Hashanah (Head of the Year) • Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement) • Sukkot (Harvest Festival) • Chanukah (Festival of Lights) • Purim • Pesach (Passover) • Shavu’ot (Giving of the Torah)

  6. Practices Life Cycle • Child born pure • Baby naming, Brit Milah (Covenant of Circumcision—only males) • Bar / Bat Mitzvah 13 years old, age held responsible for ones actions • Wedding • Funeral

  7. Leaders • Rabbi: teacher, scholar • Patriarchs • Abraham • One God • two sons Isaac and Ishmael • Isaac • Jacob • God changed name to Israel, 12 sons • Moses • Exodus from Egypt • Greatest prophet, teacher, leader

  8. Political Views Tikkunolam Repairing the World • Social Justice • Mitzvot (Commandments) • Environment • Peace • Caring for oppressed • Charity, philanthropy

  9. Texts Torah • Torah: 5 books Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Number, Deuteronomy • Written on parchment scrolls, don’t touch use yod, rules for transcribing • Tanakh: TORAH (The Law), NEVI'IM (The Prophets), KETHUVIM (The Writings) • No “Old/New” testament

  10. Society • Heritage through the mother • Orthodox, Conservative, Reform: different gender roles, levels of observance • Family, important • Education: value to study Torah, to question

  11. Israel • Land of Israel central to Judaism • A substantial portion of Jewish law is tied to the land of Israel, and can only be performed there • Living outside of Israel is viewed as an unnatural state for a Jew: exile, diaspora • Jews were exiled from the land of Israel by the Romans in 135 C.E, after they defeated the Jews in a three-year war, and Jews did not have any control over the land again until 1948 C.E. • For thousands of years services (Passover, Yom Kippur) end with “Next year in Jerusalem!”

  12. Law • 613 Mitzvot (commandments) • 10 commandments categories for the 613 • first tablet, containing the first five declarations, identifies duties regarding our relationship with God, • second tablet, containing the last five declarations, identifies duties regarding our relationship with other people. • Slight differences in translation/ order in Judaism, Catholicism, Protestantism

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