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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece. Geography of Greece. geographical influence Mountains and the sea Small independent communities Political participation within, and war among Sea travel and trade due to poor natural resources. Greek Life and Govt. Acropolis-main gathering place usually on top of a hill

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Ancient Greece

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  1. AncientGreece

  2. Geography of Greece • geographical influence Mountains and the sea • Small independent communities • Political participation within, and war among • Sea travel and trade due to poor natural resources

  3. Greek Life and Govt. • Acropolis-main gathering place usually on top of a hill • Democracy – power in hands of people

  4. Athens vs. U.S. Democracy U.S. Athens Both Citizens: born in US Representatives elected Elected president 12 Jurors Long appeal process, Attorneys Citizens: Male, 18, born citizen 500 men council Juries vary in size One day trials, no appeals Power by citizens 3 branches Leg. Branch – passes law Exec. – carries out Judicial - conducts trials

  5. Citizenship • Athens • Citizens with political rights (adult males) • Citizens without political rights (women and children) • Noncitizens (slaves and resident aliens) • Sparta • Ruling family landowners • Noncitizens but free • Helots – higher than slaves

  6. Women's Role • Athens • Excluded from public life • Managed homes, Subject to husbands will • Sparta • Managed family estates • Did not vote, included in society

  7. Pericles Three Goals for Athens • 1 – Strengthen Athenian democracy • Increased number of paid public officials • Poorest people could serve • Direct democracy – rule directly not through representatives • 2 – Strengthen Empire • Built strong navy, overseas trade • 3 – Glorify Athens • Beautified Athens, bought gold, ivory and marble • Built Parthenon – temple to honor Athena

  8. Persian Wars • Battle of Marathon • Athens defeat Persians, Pheidippides ran 26.2 miles to rejoice victory • Battle of Thermopylae (300 movie) • 300 Spartans fought Persian army • Battle of Salamis • Persian fleet tried to block channel, but too narrow and fleet gets depleted by Athenians

  9. Peloponnesian War • War b/w Sparta and Athens • Athens – plan to fight on sea • Sparta – inland couldn’t be attacked by sea • Plague broke out, kill 1/3 of Athens pop. • Athens surrenders, people lose confidence in democracy

  10. Homer • Creates epic poems the Iliad and Odyssey • Iliad story of the Trojan War • Poems gave Greeks an ideal past and set of values (courage and honor) • Taught how to be virtuous men and struggle for excellence

  11. Greek Philosophers • Philosophers concerned with nature and universe • Pythagoras-essence of universe found in music and numbers • Socrates-Socratic Method-unexamined life is not worth living • Plato-preoccupied with nature and how we know reality as well as gov. (equality for women)

  12. Philosophers • Aristotle-analyzing and classifying things by observation and investigation (ethics, logic, poetry, gov. astronomy, geology, biology, & physics) • Herodotus-First Greek Historian

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