INITIATING and DEVELOPING RESEARCH

1. INITIATING and DEVELOPINGRESEARCH

2. What Is Research?? • a careful study of a subject, especially in order to discover new facts or information about it (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary) • RE of SEARCH ing…. never ending of doing searching • What we are Searching for? novel contribution to the community of science and the community of whom the science is used • Fields of Contributions: • Novel / originality of Problems (materials, thoughts) • Novel / originality of Methods • Novel / originality of Analysis never proposed from other researcher (s)

3. First OriginalityNew Problems (different characteristics) • New Problem (materials, thoughts) creates • New Phenomena • New Methodology • New Analysis (even using old methodologies) • Example: • Newton Law ‘valid’ for meter orde • How ‘valid’ using nano orde (?) • Originality : • (first) : Newton Law ‘not valid’ for nano orde • (second) : proposed novel methodology • (third) : proposed new analysis • (fourth) : proposed new material

4. Second OriginalityNovel Methodology • Novel means different from anything known before; new, interesting and often seeming slightly strange • Novel Methodology creates • New Analysis • New Materials • New Methodology • Novel Method for New Material (problems) • Kuantum Mechanics for nano orde • Novel Method for Old Material (nano ordenot new anymore) • Kuantum Mechanics for STM (scanning tunneling microscope)

5. Third OriginalityNovel Analysis • Novel Analysis comes from • Phenomena of New Materials • Phenomena of New Methodology • Novel Analysis for new methods • Novel Analysis for old methods on new materials • Novel Analysis creates • Novel Materials • Novel Methodology • Novel Analysis

6. Chain of Originalities • Developing New Materials • Triggered (menyebabkan kemunculan) novel methodology • Triggered novel analysis • Developing Novel Methodology • Triggered novel analysis • Triggered development of new materials • Developing Novel Analysis • Triggered development of new materials • Triggered novel methodology

7. Initiating Research • Chain of Originality of research forms a cycle • Cutting in every points will create another originality • Where to start? • How to create originality ? • How to accelerate research? • How to get research funds?

8. Where to Start • Starts with the most potential you have • Scope of your expertise • Journal references, researchers linkage • Accumulate dedicated researchers around • Starts with minimal failure risk • Financial, time • Empathy and sympathy of research group • Doing the small thing first, but fast • Looking and matching Research Topic • RUT, RUTI, International Funds

9. Development of Novel Methods • Higher impact on Originality • Ignite more Contributions on Chains of Originality • Most difficult to achieve • High quality of infrastructure, man power • Research Team, Research Group, Consistent development.

10. A Good Research Topic • looking for unsolved problems • still important and prospectus (5 -10 years) • interesting to the research community (scientific innovations) • interesting to the industrial community (applications innovations) • match with institutional funding scheme

11. Scope of Research Initiative • Too broad is not deep : rarely produce originality • Too narrow looks easy • Too constrained is bad : rarely produce field of applications • Too unconstrained is bad : almost impossible, showing un-capability • “Telescoping” is best

12. Sistematika Melakukan Riset(proses mencari berkesinambungan) • Membaca dan mengerti materi makalah jurnal acuan • Meniru dan memahami materi makalah jurnal acuan • Memahami mengapa dan bagaimana penulis mendapatkan orijinalitasnya • Melakukan pencaharian orijinalitas • Melakukan eksperimen • Menulis ilmiah

13. How to Accelerate Research • Write related research topic • Annotated (ada catatan tambahan) bibliographies • Literature surveys (including open challenges) • Replicate and change the previous work • Re-implement • Re-derive • Re-experiment • Start varying parameters, assumptions, environments • Different characteristics • Different models • Different tools and equipments

14. The Research Process • Research is not linear • Balance your time among • reading • writing • thinking • doing • and between • narrow focus • broad focus

15. How to get Research funds • Read journal papers to become an expert • Be an expert then produce high-quality research • Produce high-quality research then looking for research funds don’t think reversely

16. Words from the Wise(tricks to accelerate)

17. Peters’ Criteria for Research Topics • Financial support • Interest to you • Extendability after completion • Controversy • Time to complete • “Hotness” • Advisor’s enthusiasm • Closeness to advisor’s research • Depth of existing research • Duplication or uniqueness • Narrow focus • Tractability Peters p. 189

18. Hamming’s Advice • Work on important problems • Commit yourself emotionally to your work • Work hard • Tolerate uncertainty • Generalize • Don’t make excuses • Sell yourself and your work • Don’t fight the system • Be collegial • Look for the positive • Know your strengths and weaknesses

19. Research Advice from CRA-W • Start with problems, not with solutions • I have a hammer! Where’s the nearest nail? • Ideally, focus on a general problem or class of applications • Question assumptions • ...of your work and previous work • Break your research into manageable pieces • Know how you will evaluate your method • Understand the standard methodologies for your field • Identify evaluation metrics • Develop baseline methods and benchmark problems • Have long-term and short-term goals • Sell yourself and your work

20. From Me…. • Make Research Collaboration, Team and positioning yourself inside..the structure • Be a good colleague • Help your advisor, other students, other faculty, colleagues • Collaborate! • Use other activities to benefit your research • Announce your accomplishments • Seek out supportive environments

21. Thank you