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Danica Popovi ć Faculty of Economics and Center for Liberal-Democratic Studies

Danica Popovi ć Faculty of Economics and Center for Liberal-Democratic Studies 4 godine tranzicije u Srbij i: novi svojinski oblik - partijska svojina Narodna banka Srbije, 21. maj 2005. Developments in Serbian foreign trade, 1965-2004. *). Table 2.1.1. Trade share. in GDP.

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Danica Popovi ć Faculty of Economics and Center for Liberal-Democratic Studies

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  1. Danica Popović Faculty of Economics and Center for Liberal-Democratic Studies 4 godine tranzicije u Srbiji: novi svojinski oblik - partijska svojina Narodna banka Srbije, 21. maj 2005.

  2. Developments in Serbian foreign trade, 1965-2004.

  3. *) Table 2.1.1. Trade share in GDP Actual trade in 1989 Trade shares Actual (% GDP) Trade shares ** in small open 1998 2004 Foreign Inter - economies republican Import content 48 19 29 40 - 60 26.2 43 Export share 42 17 25 4 0 - 60 15.5 16 Total trade share 90 36 54 80 - 120 41.7 59 Source: Economic Developments in FR Yugoslavia, for 1989; own calculus based on FSE data onwards *) comprises goods and non - factor services; **) including trade with former Yugoslav republics; figures are comparable with the sum of first two columns of . the Table Pathological developments in trade shares, 1989-2004

  4. The main problem

  5. Imports response to exchange rate changes, exports do not

  6. The first two years …

  7. A truly floating regime since end 2002

  8. The Real Exchange rate:was it really underestimated?

  9. Structure of Imports

  10. Main findings • CA deficit 13 percent of GDP, net external borrowing amounted to 4 percent of GDP, and Serbia's core inflation doubled. • Excessive rise in wages, FDI inflow slowing down • Wages rising owing to fiscal policy and income policies • Restructuring of the state sector with 155.000 + 140.000 workers • Hard budget constraint and privatization of the state sector preconditions for crawling band

  11. The Case of Italy

  12. Great Britain

  13. Assets by sector • Izvor: SZS, Trendovi, septembar 2004.

  14. No Single Currency Regime is Right for all Countries or at All Times (Jeffrey A. Frankel) • Golden rule: Productivity growth must be at least equalto the sum of real appreciation and real wage growth ("He who has the gold, makes the rules“)

  15. Main reccomendations • Realna depresijacija? Already taking place • Smanjenje javne potrošnje, ne čekati restrukturiranje • Primenljivost • Depresijacija se ne preliva u celini u inflaciju, dakle, može • Plate vezati za produktivnost, uz depresijaciju, što dovodi do konkurentnih plata • Institucionalni okvir • Smanjiti ulogu NBS na deviznom tržištu • Definisati targete • Kurs prepustiti tržištu • Održiv rast zasnovati na domaćoj S i I, kao i na rastu izvoza • Zašto MMF odbija mogućnost da devizni kurs stabilizuje PB? • Zbog toga što nije uvedeno čvrsto budžetsko ograničenje (155,000 radnika) • Zbog javnih preduzeća, 155,000 radnika, koji bi bili gubitnici takve politike • Koji režim je optimalan? Floating? Ako je dirty floating, NBS mora da ima čvrsti monetarni target, i mora davati jednoznačne prognoze.

  16. Komentari • Is the Dinar overvalued? Yes. Precenjena valuta koči uvoz i vodi kreiranju suficita na spoljnotrgovinskom računu. • Does this increase the deficit?Yes. • Prerequisites: • Are there more effective policies • Smislen rezultat dobijamo samo ako dezagregiramo na uvoz potrošnih dobara, repromaterijala i kapitalnih dobara. KOLIKI JE DOPRINOS PRIVATIZACIJE – SUPPLY SHOCK • Ne sme se zaboraviti nedostatak domaće ponude... i formiranje nove privredne strukture • SDI uvoze – traže MSP – traže nove radnike – raste domaća proizvodnja i domaća tražnja, štednja i investicije. Pokretač je SDI, on hoće depresiran kurs • Zašto izvozna funkcija ne daje statistički značajne rezultate? • Zato što je izvoz subvencionisan! • Iz istog razloga analiza RCA ne daje smislene rezultate

  17. Dodati williamson, wb feb 99

  18. Zaključci i predlozi reformi

  19. Zasto ne treba evro

  20. Koliko su visoke naše carine ...

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