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The English Reformation began in 1527 when King Henry VIII sought to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, who only bore him one surviving child, Mary Tudor. In love with Anne Boleyn, Henry asked the Pope for a divorce, but when his request was denied, he broke from the Catholic Church. Enacting the Act of Supremacy, he declared himself the Supreme Head of the Church of England. This led to the closure of Catholic monasteries, persecution of Catholics, and the establishment of a new English church, paving the way for future religious transformations in England.
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Break Away from Catholic Church • When – 1527 • Who – King Henry VIII • Why – Wanted to Divorce his wife
Henry VIII • Married to Catherine of Aragon • One surviving child – Mary Tudor • Wanted a son – heir to the throne • Falls in love with Ann Boleyn – figures she will give him a son • Asks pope to annul marriage • Pope refuses – Henry takes over English Church
Act of Supremacy • Henry is only supreme head on Earth of the Church of England • Many Catholics protested and were persecuted • Sir Thomas Moore – executed • Henry closed many Catholic monasteries and convents • Gave land to nobles who supported his new church • New Church of England • Most Catholic forms of worship
Henry’s Death • Married six times – only one son • Edward VI inherits throne at the age of 9 • Turned England Protestant • Edward dies – Mary Tudor queen
England’s Religions • Edward – Protestant • Mary – Catholic • Elizabeth – Elizabethan settlement • Middle ground of Protestant and Catholic practices • Catholic rituals – bishops and archbishops • Book of Common Prayer – Protestant doctrine • English replaced Latin in church services
