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Bloodborne Pathogens

Bloodborne Pathogens. Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, that are carried in blood and can cause disease in people. There are many different bloodborne pathogens including: Hepatitis B (HBV) HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Hepatitis B.

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Bloodborne Pathogens

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  1. Bloodborne Pathogens

  2. Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, that are carried in blood and can cause disease in people. There are many different bloodborne pathogens including: Hepatitis B (HBV) HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

  3. Hepatitis B • In the US, approximately 300,000 people are infected with HBV annually • Hepatitis means “inflammation of the liver” • Hepatitis B is transmitted primarily through “blood to blood contact” • There is no cure for HBV • The virus can survive for 7 days in dried blood.

  4. SYMPTOMS of HEPATITIS B • “Flu” like • Fatigue • Stomach pain • Loss of appetite/nausea • Yellowing of skin/eyes (jaundice) • Darkened urine • Can take 1-9 months after exposure before symptoms become noticeable.

  5. Hepatitis B Vaccinations • Employees who have routine exposure to • bloodborne pathogens shall be offered the • Hepatitis B vaccine at no cost to • themselves unless: • The have previously received the vaccine series • Antibody testing has reveals they are immune • The vaccine is not recommended for • medical reasons.

  6. AIDS AIDS, or acquired immune deficiency Syndrome, is caused by a virus called HIV. It may be may years before a person develops aids after being exposed. HIV attacks the body’s immune system, weakening it can not fight disease. AIDS is a fatal disease, and while treatment is improving there is no known cure. uman HIV mmunodeficiency An average of 35,000 people are infected with AIDS every year in the US. HIV will not survive outside the body very long, but is a major concern for employees who provide first aid or medical care in situations involving fresh blood or other potentially infectious materials. irus

  7. Symptoms of AIDS STAGE 1:Person is infected with HIV and shows little or no symptoms, possibly for years. STAGE 2: Lesser diseases take advantage of the body’s weakened immune system, such as sore throat, weakness, fever, nausea, headaches, diarrhea, white coating on the tongue, weight loss, and swollen lymph nodes, . Leads to AIDS. STAGE 3: The body is completely unable to fight off life threatening diseases and infections.

  8. If you believe you have been exposed to HBV or HIV, especially if you have experienced any of the signs and symptoms of these diseases, you should consult your physician or doctor as soon as possible.

  9. MODES of TRANSMISSION Bloodborne pathogens such as HIV and HBV can be transmitted through contact with blood or other potentially infectious body fluids such as: • Semen • Vaginal secretions • Saliva (in dental procedures) • And any body fluid that is visibly contaminated with blood

  10. HIV and HVB are most commonly transmitted through: • Sexual Contact • Sharing hypodermic needles • From mothers to babies at/before birth • Accidental puncture from contaminated needles, broken glass • Contact between broken or damaged skin and infected body fluids (open sores, cuts, abrasions, acne, blisters) • Contact between mucous membranes and infected body fluids(contaminated blood in the eye, nose or mouth)

  11. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Whether you think the blood/body fluid is infected with a bloodborne pathogen, YOU TREAT IT AS IF IT IS! • Always wear personal protective equipment (PPE) • Remove PPE that is torn, punctured, or lost its ability • to function as a barrier to bloodborne pathogens • Replace PPE that is torn or punctured • Remove PPE before leaving the work area

  12. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Gloves (check for damage before using!) • Goggles • Face Shields • Aprons

  13. HYGIENE PRACTICES HANDWASHING: Wash hands in antibacterial soap as soon as possible after removing gloves.

  14. If working in an area there is A likelihood of exposure, DO NOT: Eat Drink Smoke Apply cosmetics/lip balm Handle contact lenses

  15. If you are Exposed to blood or Potentially Infectious materials: • Wash the exposed area with soap and running water • If blood is splashed into mucus membranes, flush with • water for at least 15 minutes • Report the exposure to your supervisor as soon as possible. • Fill out exposure report form. (Kept in your file for 40 years) • You may request blood testing or Hepatitis B vaccination if • you have not already had it.

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