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Preservation Metadata: Theory and Evolving Practice

Digital preservation is a crucial yet complex issue faced by libraries and institutions today, particularly regarding the management of digital and analog media. This presentation explores the core challenges, including decisions on what to preserve and how to relate preservation efforts to access. Central frameworks such as the OAIS model and PREMIS metadata guidelines are discussed to provide insights into long-term preservation strategies, with an emphasis on the importance of policy alongside technology in ensuring the authenticity and viability of preserved digital content.

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Preservation Metadata: Theory and Evolving Practice

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  1. Jenn Riley Metadata Librarian Indiana University Digital Library Program Preservation Metadata: Theory and Evolving Practice

  2. Here’s (some of) what we’re facing Image by Paul Downey – CC by-nc-sa2.0 http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/211603602/ Image by Seth Anderson – CC by-sa2.0 http://www.flickr.com/photos/swanksalot/2704017177/ Image from Indiana University Media Preservation Initiative http://research.iu.edu/resources/media_preservation/slideshow/index.html

  3. Core issues • What to preserve? • Media? (some digital, some analog) • Bits? • Intellectual content? • How to preserve it? • Migration? • Emulation? How does preservation relate to access? Not surprisingly, we’re learning that “it depends.” Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  4. Digital preservation is… • Not a solved problem, but also not an unknown one • An active research area • Dependent on preservation metadata, but… • More about policy than technology Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  5. Central framework: OAIS • OAIS = Open Archival Information System • “Reference Model” for an “organization of people and systems” to facilitate long term preservation of content • ISO 14721:2003 • OAIS-compliant repositories meet preservation responsibilities as laid out in the reference model Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  6. High level picture of the OAIS model Figure from OAIS Reference Model, p. 4-1 http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  7. Central standard: PREMIS • PREservation Metadata Implementation Strategies • Development began in 2003 under leadership of OCLC and (then) RLG • Data dictionary released 2005; revised 2008 • LC is current maintenance agency Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  8. How PREMIS defines preservation metadata • “The information a repository uses to support the digital preservation process” • Metadata that supports • viability • renderability • understandability • authenticity • identity • Mandatory elements represent “the minimum amount for [a] second repository to accept custody of [a] digital object and assume responsibility for its long-term preservation” Digital Library Brown Bag Series

  9. PREMIS data model Figure from PREMIS 2.0 report, p. 5, http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/v2/premis-report-2-0.pdf Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  10. Objects and intellectual entities • Intellectual entities are the things we’re interested in • And can be groups of things • Objects are specific things a repository manages File File File File Bitstream File File File Bitstream Representation(of an intellectual entity) Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  11. Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  12. But it’s not just about PREMIS Figure from Priscilla Caplan, “Understanding PREMIS” p. 5, http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/understanding-premis.pdf Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  13. Image technical metadata NISO Metadata for Images in XMLhttp://www.loc.gov/standards/mix/ Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  14. Text technical metadata Technical Metadata for Text (TextMD) http://www.loc.gov/standards/textMD/ Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  15. Audio technical metadata Audio Engineering Society Core Audio (AES-X098B)http://www.aes.org/standards/meetings/project-status.cfm Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  16. Video technical metadata LC A/V Prototyping ProjectVideo Metadata Schemahttp://www.loc.gov/rr/mopic/avprot/metsmenu2.html Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  17. Preservation metadata seen in some other standard formats Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  18. Wait, we have to type all of this in? • Nope. All this stuff represents a new approach to metadata creation. • Software that creates and manages digital file also creates technical, process history, preservation metadata about it • Maybe also by asking the user for some specific input • Management tools package together metadata and content for transfer and repository ingest • But to implement your preservation policies, you need to understand what metadata is being created, how it’s stored, and when. Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  19. Some digital preservation initiatives to watch (1) • National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) <http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/> • PREMIS in METS <http://pim.fcla.edu/> • DAITSS Digital Preservation Repository Software, with a dark archive focus <http://daitss.fcla.edu/> • Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification (TRAC) <http://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/pages/trac_0.pdf> Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  20. Some digital preservation initiatives to watch (2) • Digital Repository Audit Method Based on Risk Assessment (DRAMBORA) <http://www.repositoryaudit.eu/> • Lots of Content Keeps Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) Initiative <http://lockss.stanford.edu/> • Preserving Virtual Worlds project (including video games!) <http://pvw.illinois.edu/pvw/> • Data Preservation Alliance for the Social Sciences (Data-PASS) <http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/DATAPASS/> Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

  21. For more information • jenlrile@indiana.edu • These presentation slides: http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/presentations/ilf2010/ilf2010.pptx • OAIS reference model:http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf • PREMIS data dictionary:http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/ • Thank you! Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

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