Objective...

1. Objective... • To use mind mapping, facts, media clips and case studies to formulate non-religious arguments both for and against Capital Punishment.

2. Outcomes... Grade C You will be able to definethe term CAPITAL PUNISHMENT and select facts about this topic. Grade B You will be able toidentify at least FOUR non-religious arguments both FOR and AGAINST capital punishment. Grade A-A* You will be able to express an opinion on the death penalty and evaluate its place in UK society. Your GOALS for the end of this lesson are…

3. What point is this question trying to make ? Does it make sense to show killing is wrong by killing? Write a short answer to this question

4. Now SELF MARK your own work – give a mark out of 2 and make corrections if necessary. Also known as… EXECUTION DEFINE the word... CAPITAL PUNISHMENT – complete page 93 QUESTION 1. The death penalty for a crime or offence. Taking the life of a condemned prisoner.

5. Outcomes... Grade C You will be able to define the term CAPITAL PUNISHMENT. Did you achieve YOUR goal?…

6. Forms of Capital Punishment... Make a list of all the different types of Capital Punishment you can think of…

7. HANGING... The neck is broken and death comes quickly unless the free fall distance is inadequate and the prisoner ends up being slowly strangled to death. If the distance is to great the rope will tear the prisoners head off . This was used in the UK for many years!

8. ELECTRIC CHAIR... The person is usually shaved and strapped to a chair with belts that cross the chest, groin, legs, and arms. A metal skullcap-shaped electrode is attached to the scalp and forehead over a sponge moistened with saline. A jolt of between 500 and 2000 volts, which lasts for about 30 seconds, is given.

9. LETHAL INJECTION... • Lethal drugs are injected into the prisoner who is strapped to a table. • Many people consider this the most humane way as it looks as if the person is going to sleep – this is not the case. • The first drug paralyses all of their muscles so that they are unable to show pain visibly – however they are in pain.

10. FIRING SQUAD... • Usually a black hood is pulled over the prisoner's head. A doctor locates the inmate's heart with a stethoscope and pins a circular white cloth target over it. The prisoner is shot through the heart by multiple marksmen. Death is quick.

11. GUILOTINE... • A famous French invention severing the neck. • Death is quick. • Many famous Queens died in this way.

12. You could have also had… • Being stoned to death • Decapitation • Being burnt alive • Being fed alive to wild animals • Being ripped apart by horses running in opposite directions • Being hurled from rocks • Drowning • Crucifixion

13. IN BRITAIN... • Hanging was the principal form of execution in Britain since the 5th Century, although other methods were used such as: • drowning, • burial alive, • hurling from cliffs • boiling alive, • burning at the stake

14. Are all methods of Capital punishment humane? Are some worse than others? Are any inhumane? Is there a difference between killing someone legally and murdering someone?

15. Read the following statements carefully – decide which ones you think are FACT and which are FICTION…

16. In the 18th Century you could be hanged in Britain for over 200 offences. • FACT – changed in 1957 to murder and treason • 50% of the worlds countries do not allow the use of Capital Punishment • FACT – 98 countries in total have removed it from their legal system • 58 countries still use the death penalty as a form of punishment. • FACT – including the USA (some states) IRAQ, IRAN and CHINA • IRAQ had the highest recorded number of executions in 2009 • FICTION – it was China - they executed more people than all other of the 58 countries combined. • 25 of the 50 states in America use the Death Penalty • FICTION it is 37 • Lethal injection, electric chair, firing squad, gas chamber, hanging and beheading are all forms of capital punishment still used today. • FACT – only beheading is not carried out in the USA • Capital Punishment was abolished in the European Union in 1999. • FACT • You can still be sentenced to death today in the UK for treason. • FICTION –It was abolished in the UK completely in 1998 • The death Penalty was abolished in the UK in 1973. • FACT – In all cases except for treason • The last 2 people to be hung in UK was in 1964 • FACT – though it wasn’t abolished until 9 years later

17. Outcomes... Grade C You will be able to select facts about this topic Did you achieve YOUR goal?…

18. There have been many debates over the years, in the UK and elsewhere, about whether or not the DEATH PENALTY is an effective punishment, and there are persuasive arguments both FOR and AGAINST.

19. Take a page in your book for each side of the argument. Create a mind map for BOTH – Arguments FOR Capital Punishment and Arguments AGAINST Capital Punishment Remember these are NON-RELIGIOUS arguments. • Add any ideas you can to both mind maps. • Swap with a partner – add anything they are missing to their mind map in GREEN PEN

20. Watch the following clips and respond to the questions. These should help you formulate arguments both FOR and AGAINST Capital Punishment. They will also provide EXAMPLES for your exam – add these to your mind map.

21. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41NIF0YLUbo In YOUR OPINION what punishment did they deserve? Could the death penalty for Brady and Hindley have helped the victims families? Both lived full lives (though in prison) was this fair? The Moors murders were carried out by Ian Brady and Myra Hindley between July 1963 and October 1965, in and around what is now Greater Manchester. The victims were five children aged between 10 and 17—at least four of whom were sexually assaulted. The murders are so named because two of the victims were discovered in graves dug on Saddleworth Moor, with a third grave also being discovered there in 1987, over 20 years after Brady and Hindley's trial in 1966. The body of a fourth victim, Keith Bennett, is also suspected to be buried there, but despite repeated searches it remains undiscovered. • ARGUMENT AGAINST • Human life is vitally important whatever the person has done – it should not be taken away for any reason. ARGUMENT FOR The value of human life is made clear by executing those who kill others.

22. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OVUfei6MmVY Should Brady have been allowed to die? Is it more of a punishment to make him live and suffer the guilt of what he has done? • ARGUMENT AGAINST • Execution is an easier punishment than life imprisonment. ARGUMENT FOR The Death Penalty means that society can rid itself of the most dangerous people, so they cannot be a threat again.

23. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjXtczD1sRU Why might some argue Sutcliffe’s crimes were not his fault? How do you think his victims and their families would feel about arguments stating he is blameless? • ARGUMENT AGAINST • People not of sound mind cannot be fully punished as it is not their fault. ARGUMENT FOR Execution is compensation for taking the life of another and may help the victims families.

24. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uXQvKLGYTho • FOR = • AGAINST = Why was there so much controversy surrounding this case? What do they mean by degrees of murder? What arguments are given for and against Capital punishment? • ARGUMENT AGAINST It doesn't work as a deterrent - countries that have the death penalty do not seem to have a drop in murders committed. Also no two murders are the same (we need to look at the circumstances) • People should not be made to make the decision to kill someone OR carry this out - it is not civilised – shouldn't be carried out on women and children The trial and punishment of Ruth Ellis became notorious as she was the last woman to be executed in England. Her family campaigned for her murder conviction to be reduced to manslaughter. She had shot her 25 year old lover David Blakely outside a pub in London. Her family claimed she should not be executed as she had been provoked and therefore it was manslaughter. David Blakely was apparently an abusive partner and 10 days prior to his murder he had punched Ruth in the stomach causing her to miscarry their child. The law at the time was simple – murder was murder and she was punished accordingly. ARGUMENT FOR The death penalty acts as a deterrent and a warning to others. It stops people committing the crime as they know that they will be killed if they are caught.

25. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SyaAkbERxY What human rights may be broken by the use of execution as punishment? Why were human rights campaigners concerned in this case? • ARGUMENT AGAINST It violates peoples human rights – including the right to life ARGUMENT FOR Often criminals have taken away another's humans rights (right to live, torture, to feel safe etc…) so should not have their own human rights upheld

26. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzGZQWXPdc0 What evidence got this man convicted? How did the wrong man end up being punished? • ARGUMENT AGAINST Many people have been executed who were later discovered to be innocent. ARGUMENT FOR It has a good effect on society psychologically- bad things happen to bad people

27. Serious crimes do not seem to drop in countries with the death penalty. • There have been many occasions of innocent people wrongfully executed. • People facing the death penalty will be more likely to kill to avoid capture. • Terrorists who are executed could end up as martyrs encouraging others. • Human life is important and should not be taken in any circumstances. • Execution can be seen as an easier sentence than imprisonment. • The UN Declaration of Human Rights states that every human has the right to life and the right not to be tortures or suffer. • The death penalty acts as a deterrent. • Society can be free of its most dangerous people. • The value of human life is made clear by executing those who kill. • Execution is the ultimate retribution and compensation for killing others. • Execution helps brings satisfaction and closure to victims families. • Execution is cheaper than keeping a prisoner in prison for life. • The person who commits a serious crime should lose all their human rights including the right to live.

28. Outcomes... Grade B You will be able toidentify at least FOUR non-religious arguments both FOR and AGAINST capital punishment. Did you achieve YOUR goal?…

29. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNNGCn-MeF8 Why are Amnesty International so against Capital punishment? Do YOU think it is an effective form of punishment? Would you like to see the death penalty reintroduced into the UK? Complete page 93 QUESTION 2 & 3

30. Plenary... • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZ5tWGTReOA Give ONE argument to support this AD Give ONE argument AGIANST this AD