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Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 12 c. Troy Anthony Database as a Service Centre. Program Agenda. Oracle RAC 12c Overview Oracle RAC 12c for: Better Business Continuity and High Availability Cost-effective Workload Management Standardized Deployment and System Management.
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Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 12c
Troy AnthonyDatabase as a Service Centre
Program Agenda
- Oracle RAC 12c Overview
- Oracle RAC 12c for:
- Better Business Continuity and High Availability
- Cost-effective Workload Management
- Standardized Deployment and System Management
The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.
Slide Title: Arial, 28 PTTwo-Line Max
Subtitle: Arial, 20 pt, One-Line Max
- Bullets are sentence case. Use Arial, 20 pt font.
- Sub-bullets are Arial, 18 pt font.
- Keep bullets short.
- One idea per bullet.
- No more than five bullets.
- NOTE: Arial is the ONLY font that should be used in the Oracle corporate presentation template.Times and other serif fonts are not acceptable.
To ensure that slides are properly formatted to this template, see pages 7 and 8for instructions.
Times
Arial
The New Oracle RAC 12c
Oracle RAC 12c provides:
- Better Business Continuity and High Availability (HA)
- Agility and Scalability
- Cost-effective Workload Management
CRM
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
Oracle EM 12 Cloud Control
Utility Computer
The New Oracle RAC 12c
Oracle RAC 12c provides:
- Better Business Continuity and High Availability (HA)
- Agility and Scalability
- Cost-effective Workload Management
Using
- A standardized and improveddeployment and management
- A familiar and matured HA stack
CRM
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI):
Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
Oracle Clusterware (OCW)
Oracle EM 12 Cloud Control
Oracle Flex ASM
Utility Computer
The Utility Computer – Better DB Management
CRM
- The Utility Computer concept provides:
- A central point of management
- HA for management tools (in cluster)
- For Oracle (RAC) databases, the utility cluster can serve as central location for
- Storing diagnostic and performance information
- Rapid Home Provisioning (used as Grid Home Server)
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
Oracle EM 12 Cloud Control
Logs / TFA
Home Provisioning
Standardize on Oracle RAC
Different flavors, same management
Oracle RAC
DBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Scalability
DBA
DBA
Oracle Restart
Oracle GI
Oracle GI
DBA
Oracle GI
High Availablity
Standardize on Oracle RAC
For better availability during maintenance operations
Oracle RAC
DBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Scalability
DBA
DBA
Online (rolling) Patch and PSU Application
Oracle GI
Oracle GI
High Availablity
Standardize on Oracle RAC
For all the flexibility you need
Oracle RAC
DBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Scalability
Online upgrade
DBA
DBA
Oracle Restart
Oracle GI
Oracle GI
Re-configuration to enable cluster
DBA
Oracle GI
Flexibility
Standardize on Oracle RAC
For better agility and consolidation
Oracle RAC
DBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Agility
DBA
DBA
Oracle Restart
Oracle GI
Oracle GI
DBA
Oracle GI
Consolidation
Standardize on Oracle RAC and Oracle Multitenant
The new standard for Oracle Database consolidation
Oracle RAC
Oracle RAC One Node
Agility
Oracle GI
Oracle GI
Consolidation
Program Agenda
- Oracle RAC 12c Overview
- Oracle RAC 12c for:
- Better Business Continuity and High Availability
- Cost-effective Workload Management
- Standardized Deployment and System Management
Dealing with Unknown Transaction State
Pre-Oracle Database 12c
- Database outages can cause in-flight work to be lost, leaving users and applications in doubt
- Often leads to
- User pains
- Duplicate submissions
- Rebooting mid-tiers
- Developer pains
CRM
DBA
DBA
DBA
DBA
DBA
Tackling In-Flight Work for Unplanned Outages
Two New Features
- Transaction Guard
- A Reliable protocol and API that returns the outcome of the last transaction
- Application Continuity
- Safely attempts to replay in-flight work following outages and planned operations.
Application Continuity
Masks Unplanned & Planned Outages
- Replays in-flight (DML)work on recoverable errors
- Masks many hardware, software, network, storage errors and outages when successful
- Improves end-user experience and productivity without requiring custom application development
CRM
DBA
✔
DBA
DBA
DBA
DBA
Application Continuity - Example
A reliable replay of in-flight work
User selects product from application and purchases it from the web checkout
End User
User transaction arrives at application infrastructure. It makes it’s way through the application tiers and results in a database transaction being created
Application Servers
Network Switches
Database Servers
Application Continuity - Example
A reliable replay of in-flight work
End User
The infrastructure hosting the database fails just before the transaction is committed to the database.
Application Servers
Network Switches
Database Servers
Application Continuity - Example
A reliable replay of in-flight work
The jdbc driver detects the failure and checks with an available node in the cluster, using “Transaction Guard”, whether the transaction committed or needs to be replayed
End User
Application Servers
If the transaction needs to be replayed, “Application Continuity” will submit all of the inflight work to a surviving node in the cluster and perform a commit. This all happens transparently to the application
Network Switches
Database Servers
Application Continuity - Example
A reliable replay of in-flight work
End User
The user receives confirmation that his order has been successfully completed.
Application Servers
Network Switches
Database Servers
The History of ASM
Why Oracle Developed ASM
- Pre-Oracle Database 10g storage management was provided by 3rd parties
- Customer challenges
- Large databases required considerable storage management
- Best performance required raw storage
- NFS solutions, while simple, did not perform as well as raw
- For RAC, cluster file systems were not available
- With Oracle 10g, ASM provided
- Simplicity of management, even better than NFS solutions
- Performance equal to raw disks
The History of ASM
The Simple Idea
- Integrated volume manager and file system
- Stripe and mirror files across disks in a ASM Disk Group
- Automatic “Rebalance”
- Built on the Oracle instance architecture
- Manage storage as a global cluster “shared Disk Groups”
ASM Overview
Simplify the Stack
Server
Server
Oracle Database
Oracle Database
ASM
File System and Volume Management
Operating System
File System
Logical Volume Manager
Operating System
ASM Overview
Oracle Database 11.2 or earlier
RAC Cluster
Node1
Node2
Node3
Node4
Node5
Database Instance
DBA
DBA
DBB
DBB
DBB
DBC
One to One Mapping of ASM Instances to Servers
ASM Instance
ASM
ASM
ASM
ASM
ASM
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
Shared Disk Groups
Wide File Striping
Disk Group A
Disk Group B
ASM Disk
ASM Overview
Oracle ASM 12c Standard Deployment
RAC Cluster
Node1
Node2
Node3
Node4
Node5
Database Instance
Database Instance
DBA
DBA
DBB
DBB
DBB
DBC
One to One Mapping of ASM Instances to Servers
ASM Instance
ASM Instance
ASM
ASM
ASM
ASM
ASM
Shared Disk Groups
Wide File Striping
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
ASM Disk
Disk Group A
Disk Group B
Introducing Oracle Flex ASM
Removal of One to One Mapping and HA
RAC Cluster
Node1
Node2
Node3
Node4
Node5
Database Instance
DBA
DBA
DBB
DBB
DBB
DBC
Databases share ASM instances
ASM Instance
ASM Instance
ASM
ASM
ASM
Node2 runs as ASM Client to Node3
Node1 runs as ASM Client to Node4
Node1 runs as ASM Client to Node2
Node5 runs as ASM Client to Node4
Shared Disk Groups
Wide File Striping
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
ASM Disk
Disk Group A
Disk Group B
Flex ASM
Remote Access
- In previous versions, ASM clients use OS-authentication to connect to ASM
- This works because ASM clients and servers are always on the same server
- With Oracle Database 12c, ASM clients and ASM servers can be on different servers
- A default configuration is created when the ASM cluster is configured
- Benefits of providing a shared password file in ASM Disk Group
Supporting Pre-Oracle 12c Databases
Pre-Oracle 12c Databases require a local ASM instance
RAC Cluster
RAC Cluster
Node1
Node2
Node3
Node4
Node5
Database Instance
DBA
DBA
DBB
DBB
DBB
- 11gDB
DBC
11gDB
Databases share ASM instances
ASM Instance
ASM
ASM
ASM
ASM
ASM
Shared Disk Groups
Wide File Striping
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
ASM Disk
Disk Group A
Disk Group B
Flex ASM
Other Flex ASM features
- Increase maximum number of Disk Groups to 511
- Previous limit was 63
- Command for renaming ASM Disk
- ASM instance Patch-level verification
- Patch level verification is disabled during rolling patches
- Replicated Physical Metadata
- Improves reliability
- Virtual Metadata has always been replicated with ASM mirroring
Small ASM Features – Big Difference
Disk and disk group operations
Small ASM Features – Big Difference
Better availability and performance
Program Agenda
- Oracle RAC 12c Overview
- Oracle RAC 12c for:
- Better Business Continuity and High Availability
- Cost-effective Workload Management
- Standardized Deployment and System Management
Policy-Managed Databases
Highly available workload management
- Allocate resources
- As demand requires it
- As the business requires it:
- Over the period of one day
- As the system requires it:
- For automated management tasks
Policy-Managed Databases
Better High Availability for any cluster
- Improve HA
- By choosing servers from the least important server pool
- Accommodating for double or multiple subsequent failures
- For planned maintenance:
- Allocate backup servers in the cluster
1
2
Policy-Managed Databases
Customer quote: “Policy-managed; It’s all about the workload”
- Policy Logic defines:
- Availability
- Service Levels
- Maint. windows
- Performance
- PCI requirements
- Regional/business
- Version
“Server pools are dynamically adjusted”
EMEA
“Uniform services….don’t care where instances are or their name. All about capacity and workload”
Americas
Americas
“Instances are controlled by min/max combined with services. No more add/drop instance.”
“QoS is critical to our management”
Policy-based Cluster Management
Server Pools that understand and make a difference
- Oracle RAC 12.1
- Scales out easier than ever (addNode)
- Actively utilizes differently sized servers
- Server Pool management has been improved to understand server differences in the cluster:
- Server attributes are stored per server
- Server Pools are set up using Server Categories
- Servers are allocated to pools based on categories
- Combine only test servers in one pool
- Remove servers from test-pool preferably
- Ensure a minimum size of servers per pool
Server Attributes
- NAME
- MEMORY_SIZE
- CPU_COUNT
- CPU_CLOCK_RATE
- CPU_HYPERTHREADING
- CPU_EQUIVALENCY
- …
- Server Categories
- NAME
- ACL
- EXPRESSION
- …
What-If Command EvaluationMAIL
Complex cluster management made predictable
- Oracle RAC 12.1 What-If Command Evaluation
- Helps to set up and validate policies
- Helps to plan for downtime scenarios
- Analyze the impact beforehand
- Ensure smooth cluster operations
- What-If Command Evolution supports:
- Set Active Policy
- Server Pool, server or resource modification
- E.g. addition, relocation or removal
- Special commands for failure evaluation
PROD
Action: Move server between pools
What
If?
What-If Command EvaluationMAIL
How it works
The DBA view:
>> srvctl relocate server -servers lnxrac12srv1 -serverpool mail -eval
Database rac will be stopped on node lnxrac12srv1
Server lnxrac12srv1 will be moved from pool ora.prod to pool ora.mail
PROD
The cluster administrator view:
>> crsctleval relocate server lnxrac12srv1 -to ora.mail -f
Stage Group 1:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stage Number Required Action
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Y Server 'lnxrac12srv1' will be moved from pools
[ora.prod] to pools [ora.mail]
2 Y Resource 'ora.rac.db' (1/1) will be in state
[OFFLINE]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Action: Move server between pools
[grid@LnxRAC12Srv1 bin]$ ./srvctlconfigsrvpool
...
Server pool name: mail
Importance: 0, Min: 1, Max: 3
...
Candidate server names:
Server pool name: prod
Importance: 0, Min: 1, Max: 2
...
Small Oracle RAC 12c Feature – Big Difference
Optimized Flexibility and Agility
Program Agenda
- Oracle RAC 12c Overview
- Oracle RAC 12c for:
- Better Business Continuity and High Availability
- Cost-effective Workload Management
- Standardized Deployment and System Management
Standardize on Oracle RAC and Oracle Multitenant
The new standard for Oracle Database consolidation
Oracle RAC
Oracle RAC One Node
Agility
Oracle GI
Oracle GI
Consolidation
Oracle RAC support for Oracle Multitenant
Start off with a Single Instance, non-CDB
Server
Services
Server
Database Instance
Database Instance
CRM
South
CRM
Reporting
CRM
North
Services
CRM
Oracle RAC support for Oracle Multitenant
Convert to a RAC Database, non-CDB
CRM Reporting
Node 1
Node 2
Services
Node 1
RAC Instance 1
RAC Instance 1
RAC Instance 2
CRM
South
CRM
North
Services
CRM
Oracle RAC support for Oracle Multitenant
Convert to a CDB RAC Database
Node1
Node2
Services
CDB Instance 1
CDB Instance 2
CRM
CDB
Improved Agility with Changing Workloads
Expand Cluster to Support Flexible Consolidation Model
Node1
Node2
Services
CDB Instance 1
CDB Instance 2
Single SGA per
CDB Instance
DW
HCM
ERP
BI
CRM
Multitenant Container Database (CDB)
Improved Agility with Changing Workloads
Expand Cluster to Support Flexible Consolidation Model
Node1
Node3
Node2
Services
CDB Instance 1
CDB Instance 3
CDB Instance 2
Single SGA per
CDB Instance
DW
HCM
ERP
BI
CRM
Multitenant Container Database (CDB)
Private Database Cloud Architectures
Oracle Database 12c
Virtual Machines
Dedicated Databases
Pluggable Databases
share servers, OS and database
share servers and OS
share servers
Increasing Consolidation
Dom-0
Bare-Metal Server
Bare-Metal Server
Virtualization – a Black Box ApproachA simple solution without insight
Guest
Guest
Guest
Guest
DOM-0
Hypervisor
DOM-0
Hypervisor
Dom-0
Bare-Metal Server
Bare-Metal Server
Live Migration = Moving a Black BoxLive Migration moves a black box from one server to another
Live Migration
Guest
Guest
Guest
Guest
DOM-0
Hypervisor
DOM-0
Hypervisor
Dom-0
Bare-Metal Server
Bare-Metal Server
Virtual Machine HA = Restarting a Black BoxVirtual Machine HA restarts / fails over a virtual machine on failure
Guest
Guest
Guest
Guest
DOM-0
Hypervisor
DOM-0
Hypervisor
Dom-0
Bare-Metal Server
Bare-Metal Server
Virtual Machine HA = Restarting a Black BoxBut what if the application needs attention?
?
DBA
Guest
Guest
Guest
DOM-0
Hypervisor
DOM-0
Hypervisor
Dom-0
Bare-Metal Server
Bare-Metal Server
High Availability Requires InsightThe Oracle RAC Stack provides the insight
+1
+1
DBA1
DBC1
DBC2
DBA2
Guest
Guest
Guest
Guest
DOM-0
Hypervisor
DOM-0
Hypervisor
Oracle Flex Cluster
Flexibility and High Availability as demand requires it
- Oracle Flex Cluster
- A new Oracle Clusterware based High Availability clustering topology
- Utilizing two types of cluster nodes:
- Hub nodes
- Traditional nodes, tightly coupled via network and storage, used for running IO intensive workload
- Leaf nodes
- A new type of node that runs a lighter weight stack
- Maintain their own failure and heartbeat settings
- Do not require direct shared storage connectivity
- Used for processing oriented (application) workload
- Leaf nodes can be virtualized.
Leaf Nodes
Hub Nodes
Oracle Flex Cluster
The new standard for resource management in the cluster
- Oracle Flex Cluster:
- The new standard for flexible resource management in the cluster
- Use it as demand requires it
- Inherits all Flex ASM HA capabilities
- Enables policy-managed clusters.
- Efficient High Availability and resource management across tiers
- Lightweight cluster stack on leaf nodes
- Benefit from virtualization and physical deployments in one cluster
Leaf Nodes
DBB
DBB
DBA
DBA
DBA
Hub Nodes
Oracle Flex Cluster
Better HA clustering for all applications
- Standardized management across applications
- Global resource allocation and dependencies
- Oracle Bundled Agents (XAG) for application HA
- www.oracle.com/goto/clusterware
Start
Stop
DBB
DBB
DBA
DBA
DBA
Slide Title: Arial, 28 PT, One-Line
Subtitle: Arial, 20 pt, One-Line Max
- Bullets are sentence case. Use Arial, 20 pt font.
- Sub-bullets are Arial, 18 pt font.
- Keep bullets short.
- One idea per bullet.
- No more than five bullets.
- NOTE: Arial is the ONLY font that should be used in the Oracle corporate presentation template.Times and other serif fonts are not acceptable.
To ensure that slides are properly formatted to this template, see pages 7 and 8for instructions.
