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Population Dynamics in Wildlife Habitats

Explore the factors influencing wildlife populations, including carrying capacity, limiting factors, and density-dependent factors. Learn about the impacts of migration, dispersal, and equilibrium on ecosystems, and sustainable practices like harvesting. Discover how hunting affects game and nongame species.

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Population Dynamics in Wildlife Habitats

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  1. Wildlife Population Population Dynamics

  2. Population • A single species group living within a defined geographic area • Where does a population of organisms live? • Where it is defined

  3. What determines population size • Birth rate • Death rate • Emigration • Immigration

  4. Factors that affect populations • Carrying capacity - Number of individuals a habitat can support • Limiting factors – something that limits population growth

  5. Carrying Capacity

  6. When carrying capacity is exceeded • Dramatic population crash • In extreme cases, extinction could occur • Starvation and disease • Limiting factors

  7. Kaibab Incident • Kaibab Plateau, Arizona • Predators removed between 1907-1923

  8. Limiting factors in an aquatic ecosytem • Salinity • Depth of sunlight penetration • Dissolved Oxygen • Availability of plant nutrients • Temperature

  9. Density Dependent Factors • Dependent of population size • Food availability • Disease • Territory

  10. Density Independent • Is not influenced by the size of the population • Weather events • Natural disasters

  11. Migration • Permanent exit from a population • Immigration • Permanent removal from a population

  12. Dispersal • Leaving a population and going to another location to “start a family”

  13. What is equilibrium? • A temporary or permanent stability in an ecosystem • Is equilibrium or chaos more likely in a natural system?

  14. Equilibrium

  15. Harvesting • Can we harvest animals in a sustainable way? • Maximum sustainable harvest • The highest rate at which a species can be taken for use by humans

  16. Questions ????? • What role does hunting play in a population of game animals? • What type of limiting factor is hunting density dependent or density independent

  17. Game -vs- Nongame • Game species are animals that are hunted • Nongame are the species that are not hunted • What do you think most management takes into consideration, game or nongame species? • Game

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