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  对地名专名起修饰作用的形容词或名词(表示方位、大小、新旧、颜色、地理特征等),可以意译,或音译重复意译。  如:美国的 Grand Canyon 译为“大峡谷”,

  对地名专名起修饰作用的形容词或名词(表示方位、大小、新旧、颜色、地理特征等),可以意译,或音译重复意译。  如:美国的 Grand Canyon 译为“大峡谷”,    加拿大的 Great Bear Lake 意译为“大熊湖”,     其中的 Grand, Great Bear, 都是带有修饰作用或地理特征的限定词,为意译而不是音译。   所以,“香山”、“西山”、“万寿山”都是可以分别意译为 Fragrant Hill 或 Fragrance Hill 、 the Western Hills 、 Longevity Hill. 注意:

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  对地名专名起修饰作用的形容词或名词(表示方位、大小、新旧、颜色、地理特征等),可以意译,或音译重复意译。  如:美国的 Grand Canyon 译为“大峡谷”,

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  1.   对地名专名起修饰作用的形容词或名词(表示方位、大小、新旧、颜色、地理特征等),可以意译,或音译重复意译。  对地名专名起修饰作用的形容词或名词(表示方位、大小、新旧、颜色、地理特征等),可以意译,或音译重复意译。  如:美国的Grand Canyon译为“大峡谷”,    加拿大的Great Bear Lake意译为“大熊湖”,     其中的Grand, Great Bear, 都是带有修饰作用或地理特征的限定词,为意译而不是音译。   所以,“香山”、“西山”、“万寿山”都是可以分别意译为 Fragrant Hill 或Fragrance Hill、the Western Hills、Longevity Hill.

  2. 注意:   作为一个地名译名,应该尽量短小,并使之固定为一个词或词组。   如:“半山亭”   处理为the pavilion half way up the hill,就显然不是一个地名。   所以,“半山亭”或处理为Banshan Pavilion,或Hillside Pavilion. 大学生广场 College Students' Square Students' Square

  3. 附:关于定冠词的使用。   凡是中国的湖名被译成英语时,通常要有定冠词the。如:the Kunming Lake, the West lake;   一般成为体系的山脉的名称后面是复数形式,前面加定冠词。如:the Himalayas喜马拉雅山;   如果是孤立的山,词尾是单数形式,前面不加冠词。如:Vatican Hill梵地冈山; Mount Tai泰山等。   以普通名词命名的建筑物、场所等名称,前面用定冠词,如:the Temple of Heaven, the Great Wall;

  4.  早听说香山红叶是北京最浓最浓的秋色,能去看看,自然乐意。 早听说香山红叶是北京最浓最浓的秋色,能去看看,自然乐意。 “是”字句在汉语中占有非常重要的位置。   陈宏薇(1998:226-236)总结出11种关于“是”字句的用法以及相应的翻译技法。   汉语“是”字是联系两种事物,也是表明两者同一或者后者说明前者事物的种类、属性的,但是事实上“是”字的含义极其丰富、表达力极强。 翻译的变通

  5. 翻译的变通  谁是我们最可爱的人呢?     (魏巍《谁是最可爱的人》) Who most deserves our belove?      衣服,是一种情绪,一种文化,    可贵,可雅,可俗. Clothes show your mood, reflect your culture and can be of great nobility, elegance, and popularity as well. (覃军 译)

  6.  早听说香山红叶是北京最浓最浓的秋色,能去看看,自然乐意。 早听说香山红叶是北京最浓最浓的秋色,能去看看,自然乐意。 译文1: I heard long ago that the leaves on Xiangshan (Fragrance Hill) display the best reds of autumn in the whole of Beijing. Of course I was only too happy to go and have a look. 译文2: I had long heard that the red autumn leaves on the Fragrant Hill manifested the most luxuriant autumnal colour in Beijing.If I could have a chance to see it,I'd be so happy.

  7.  我去的那日,天也作美,明净高爽,好得不能再好了;人也凑巧,居然找到一位老向导。 小句的分译: 因果复句:“天也作美”为主句,表示结果;“明净高爽”为从句,表示原因;   而“好得不能再好了”一则是主句的补充,因为它表达的与主句是同一个语义层。

  8.  我去的那日,天也作美,明净高爽,好得不能再好了;人也凑巧,居然找到一位老向导。 译文1: Luckily, on the day I went the weather could not have been better --- bright , clear and dry --- and we were just as lucky to find a guide. 译文2: The day I finally did go,it was a fine day.The sky was clear and as nice as nice could be.I was lucky enough to find a man who happened to be an old tourist guide.

  9.  这位老向导就住在西山脚下,早年做过四十年的向导,胡子都白了,还是腰板挺直,硬朗得很。 这位老向导就住在西山脚下,早年做过四十年的向导,胡子都白了,还是腰板挺直,硬朗得很。 形合意合:   把“早年做过四十年的向导,胡子都白了,还是腰板挺直,硬朗得很。”一句理解为一个紧缩复句,并表达为一个“时间状语+主句+伴随状语”结构的紧缩复句;   或理解为一个并列句,其中后一个分句为“让步状语从句+主句”。

  10.  这位老向导就住在西山脚下,早年做过四十年的向导,胡子都白了,还是腰板挺直,硬朗得很。 这位老向导就住在西山脚下,早年做过四十年的向导,胡子都白了,还是腰板挺直,硬朗得很。 译文1 : The old man lived right at the foot of the Western Hills. After working as guide for over forty years till his whiskers turned white, he still held himself straight, altogether looking quite fit. 译文2 : This old man happened to live right at the foot of the West Hill. He had worked as a tourist guide for forty years and although he had become a man bearing a white beard, he was still quite strong. 时间状语+主句+伴随状语 让步状语从句+主句

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