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An Introduction to JavaServerâ„¢ Pages

An Introduction to JavaServer™ Pages. Prepared by Nicole Swan. General JSP Information. Most Common JSP Components Static HTML/XML components Special JSP tags Optionally, snippets of code written in Java called “scriptlets”. JSPs are parsed on the server side

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An Introduction to JavaServerâ„¢ Pages

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  1. An Introduction to JavaServer™ Pages Prepared by Nicole Swan

  2. General JSP Information • Most Common JSP Components • Static HTML/XML components • Special JSP tags • Optionally, snippets of code written in Java called “scriptlets” • JSPs are parsed on the server side • Translation phase occurs only once unless JSP is updated • Compiled class is then served to each client upon request

  3. Advantages of JSP • Separation of static from dynamic content • Write once run anywhere • Dynamic content can be served in a variety of formats • Recommended web access layer for n-tier architecture • Completely leverages the Servlet API (Source: http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/JSPIntro/contents.html )

  4. JSP vs. ASP (Source: http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/JSPIntro/contents.html )

  5. Basic JSP Syntax • Directives • Declarations • Expressions • Comments • Scriptlets

  6. Directives • page directives are found at the top of most JSP pages. • Specify java packages to include, the page language type, or the content type. • Examples <%@ page import=”java.util.*, com.foo.*”%> <%@ page language=”java” %> <%@ page contentType=“text/html” %>

  7. Directives • include directives are used to include static html content or other JSP content. • Example <%@ include file=”menu.html” %> <%@ include file=“menu.jsp”%>

  8. Declarations • Declarations are found within the <%! … %> tag. • Anything within this tag must be valid Java code including all appropriate syntax. • Example <%! int i = 0; %> <%! public void foo(){ out.println( i ); } %>

  9. Expressions • With expressions, the result of evaluating the expression is directly included in the output of the JSP page. • Examples <%= i %> <%= fooBean.getName() %>

  10. Comments • JSP comments are enclosed in the <%-- … --%> tag. • Any comments in this format are not viewable when viewing the page’s source in a browser. • Example <%-- This is a comment --%> Note: Can still use HTML comments though they are viewable to client

  11. Scriptlets • Scriptlets are used to embed code fragments within a JSP page. • The <% … %> tag is used. • Example <% for ( int i = 0; i < a.length; i++ ) { %> <option value=”<%=a[i]%>”><%=a[i]%></option> <% } %>

  12. JSP Tag Libraries • Allow Java developers to decouple static HTML and complex server-side behaviors • In a sense, are a replacement for scriptlets • Required use by many companies in JSP development • Example <%@ taglib uri=“mytags-taglib.tld” prefix=“mytag” %> <mytag:if> <mytag:condition>true</mytag:condition> <mytag:then>Condition was true</mytag:then> <mytag:else>Condition was false</mytag:then> </mytag:if>

  13. JavaBeans • JavaBeans topic is broad and complex • For our purposes, allow JSP developers to decouple static HTML and complex server-side behaviors through the use of classes

  14. JSP Development Environments • Forte for Java (Community or Enterprise edition) • Provides syntax coloring which is nice • Notepad • Simple and readily available • WYSIWYG environments • Macromedia DreamWeaver • Adobe GoLive • Macromedia ColdFusion Studio

  15. Web Servers/Servlet Containers • Apache Tomcat (Open Source) • http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/ • Jetty (Open Source) • http://jetty.mortbay.org/jetty/index.html • Bajie (free) • http://www.geocities.com/gzhangx/websrv/ • Created by student at University of Texas – Dallas • Various third-party servlet containers for various web servers • http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/industry.html

  16. Tomcat Servlet Container • Can run as standalone web server • Can serve static HTML as well as dynamic JSP content

  17. Installing and Running Tomcat 4.1.18 • Download <jakarta-tomcat-4.1.18.zip> from http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.1.18/bin/ • Using WinZip (or some other similar tool) extract contents to C:\ (or wherever you choose) • Set environmental variables (see handout) • Start it up! (see handout) • Check to see that it was installed properly (see handout)

  18. Additional JSP Resources • JSP Tutorial • http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/JSPIntro/ • Java Developer Connection • http://forum.java.sun.com/ • JavaServer™ Pages • http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/ • JSP Syntax Reference • http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/technical.html#syntax • Google

  19. Questions & Comments?

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