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Why Java?

Why Java?. A brief introduction to Java and its features. Prepared by Mithat Konar. Java is…. A general purpose, high-level programming language with support for object-oriented programming. A collection of wide-ranging application programming interfaces (APIs).

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Why Java?

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  1. Why Java? A brief introduction to Java and its features Prepared by Mithat Konar

  2. Java is… • A general purpose, high-level programming language with support for object-oriented programming. • A collection of wide-ranging application programming interfaces (APIs). • A self-contained runtime system. • A complete set of development tools.

  3. Java is not… • An internet-only programming language. • Difficult. • JavaScript.

  4. Java’s Main Features • Uses virtual machine model to assure true “write once, run anywhere” programs. • Built-in support for GUIs. • Built-in networking. • Built-in security features. • Built-in support for multi-threaded programming. • Self-documenting.

  5. Java applications • Applets • Stand-alone programs • Network servers • Network clients • Embedded designs • Mobile telephones • Portable Digital Assistants (PDAs) • Set-top boxes • Digital Signal Processing (DSP)

  6. Java Virtual Machine • The conventional compiled-code model source code compiler/linker object code (native) object code Microprocessor system

  7. Java Virtual Machine • The virtual machine model source code compiler/linker bytecode bytecode Java Virtual Machine Microprocessor system

  8. Java Virtual MachineAdvantages • Compiled bytecode can run without modification on any platform that has a Java Virtual Machine. • “Compile once, run anywhere”.

  9. Java Virtual Machine Disadvantages • Compiled bytecode runs a little slower than conventional compiled code. • Advances in JVM technology are closing the gap. • Not all low-level system manipulations are available through standard Java APIs. • Low-level system manipulations are available in the form of native (non-Java) extensions.

  10. Java Language Features • Syntax is similar to C++. • Full support for OOP • Classes and objects • Information hiding/access control • Inheritance, method overriding • Polymorphism • Abstract methods and classes • Interfaces

  11. Java Language Features • Everything that is not a primitive is an object. • No pointers! Objects are accessed through reference variables. • Built-in memory management and garbage collection.

  12. Java API Features • Support for the essentials • Classes and objects • I/O • Threads • Applet support • Conventions used by applets

  13. Java API Features • Graphic User Interface (GUI) support • Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) • Windows, dialogs, file dialogs • Buttons, checkboxes • Menus, menu bars • Scrollbars • etc. • New generation GUI toolkit: Swing • All the above, plus... • Platform independent and run-time changeable look-and-feel. • And more.

  14. Java API Features • Networking • TCP/IP • UDP • URLs • Internationalization • Programs can automatically adapt to specific locales and be displayed in the appropriate language.

  15. Java API Features • Security • Electronic signatures • Public and private key management • Access control • Certificates • Java Database Connectivity (JDBCTM) • Provides uniform access to a wide range of relational databases.

  16. Java API Features • The Java platform also has APIs for • 2D and 3D graphics • Accessibility • Servers • Collaboration • Telephony • Speech • Animation • and more.

  17. Benefits of Programming in Java • Get started quicklyAlthough the Java programming language is a powerful object-oriented language, it's easy to learn, especially for programmers already familiar with C or C++. • Write less codeComparisons of program metrics suggest that a program written in the Java programming language can be four times smaller than the same program in C++.

  18. Benefits of Programming in Java • Write better code • The Java programming language encourages good coding practices. • Garbage collection helps you avoid memory leaks. • Its object orientation and wide-ranging, easily extendible API let you reuse other people's tested code and introduce fewer bugs.

  19. Benefits of Programming in Java • Develop programs fasterDevelopment time may be as much as twice as fast compared to writing the same program in C++ because you write fewer lines of code and it is a simpler programming language than C++.

  20. Benefits of Programming in Java • Avoid platform dependencies.You can keep your program portable by avoiding the use of libraries written in other languages and native methods. • Write once, run anywhere.Because 100% pure Java programs are compiled into machine-independent bytecodes, they run consistently on any Java platform.

  21. Benefits of Programming in Java • Distribute software more easily.Upgrade applets easily from a central server. Applets take advantage of the feature of allowing new classes to be loaded "on the fly," without recompiling the entire program.

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