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Slow Twitch and Fast Twitch Muscle Fibres

Slow Twitch and Fast Twitch Muscle Fibres. Did you eat white meat or dark meat over the holidays?. Slow-Twitch. Most active during: long-distance running, swimming, and cycling Red or dark in colour

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Slow Twitch and Fast Twitch Muscle Fibres

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  1. Slow Twitch and Fast Twitch Muscle Fibres Did you eat white meat or dark meat over the holidays?

  2. Slow-Twitch Most active during: long-distance running, swimming, and cycling Red or dark in colour Generate and relax tension slowly; able to maintain a lower level of tension for long durations Low levels of myosin ATPase and glycolytic enzymes High levels of oxidative enzymes

  3. Fast-Twitch • Ideal for: short sprints, power lifting, and explosive jumping • Pale in colour • Ability to tense and relax quickly; generate large amounts of tension with low endurance levels • High levels of myosin ATPase and glycolytic enzymes

  4. Fast vs. Slow

  5. Approximate Distribution of Muscle Fibre Types for Different Sports

  6. The Importance of Myoglobin • The difference in _____________________ is determined by the amount of ____________ used in energy production • Myoglobin: ____________________________

  7. Myoglobin • Slow fibres vs. Fast fibres • Slow twitch fibres are __________ in myoglobin • Fast Twitch Fibres have ______________ amounts of myoglobin

  8. 3 Fibre Types • Type I or Slow-Oxidative (SO) • Type IIA or Fast-Oxidative Glycolytic (FOG) • Type IIB of Fast-Glycolytic (FG)

  9. Why the Split of Type II Fibres? • Studies have shown that there is evidence for changing the type ________to Type ______ muscle fibres with endurance training • THERE IS NO WAY ANY TYPE ___ MUSCLE FIBRES CAN BECOME TYPE ____ • In other words a fast twitch muscle can _________become a slow twitch muscle

  10. Characteristics of Different Muscle Fibre Types

  11. So how are the fibres distributed? • How a muscle works is determined by its fibre type and vice versa • TWO categories for basic muscle functions: • Tonic • Phasic

  12. Tonic Muscles • These are used on a daily basis for • High concentration of _________ twitch fibres (Type I) • Great for endurance activities • Core and back muscles: constantly contracted

  13. Phasic Muscle • Higher percentage of ________ twitch fibres • Example: Biceps have a lower amount of Type I fibres and a higher amount of type II because they are used for explosive movement (lifts)

  14. So how do you find where these fibres are? • The only true way is to do a _____________to find the percentage of each type of fibre. • Muscle biopsy: tissue sample using a needle to take a small amount from the muscle belly

  15. Athletic Performance • Elite athletes may have __________% of a specific fibre type in their body

  16. Why does Kenya keep winning in long distance? • You are going to read a short article on page 91 • Answer the following questions • What has been found regarding the Kenyan’s muscle fibre type? • What social factors have played a large role in Kenyan runners?

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