How to Communicate via Internet Press a key to start

1. How to Communicate via Internet? How to Communicate via Internet Press a key to start a Technical Overview

2. Problem Preface Ideal state ACTION MONITORING DECISION „SOMETHING” DATA Actual state INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE

3. Preface information must: be SOMETHING, although the exact nature (substance, energy, or abstract concept) isn’t clear; provide NEW information: a repetition of previously received message isn’t informative; be TRUE: a lie or false information is mis-information, not information itself; be ABOUT something. Cookie Monster: „ - News or facts about something.” This definition is consistent with the common notions that What is the INFORMATION?

4. What is the COMMUNICATION? - Cookie Monster: „ Exchanging information.” ( … in time and space … ) 1. CODING the information (at the sender side). 2. SENDING - RECEIVING codes (via channel). 3. DECODING the information from codes (at the receiver side). Communication in General

5. on-line / off-line point - point / broadcasted Communication in General Communication Types

6. he Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net,” is a worldwide system of computer networks - a network of networks in which users at any one computer can, if they have permission, get information from any other computer (and sometimes talk directly to users at other computers). It was conceived by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government in 1969 and was first known as the ARPANet. The original aim was to create a network that would allow users of a research computer at one university to be able to "talk to" research computers at other universities. A side benefit of ARPANet's design was that, because messages could be routed or rerouted in more than one direction, the network could continue to function even if parts of it were destroyed in the event of a military attack or other disaster. Communication in General INTERNET - History T

7. Today, the Internet is a public, cooperative, and self-sustaining facility accessible to hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Physically, the Internet uses a portion of the total resources of the currently existing public telecommunication networks. Technically, what distinguishes the Internet is its use of a set of protocols called TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). Many cases e-mail has practically replaced the Postal Service for written transactions. Electronic mail is a widely used application on the Net. Internet telephony allows real-time voice conversations. The most widely used part of the Internet is the World Wide Web. Its outstanding feature is hypertext. Communication in General INTERNET - Today

8. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication E-Mail (Electronic Mail) • E-mail was one of the first uses of the Internet and is still one of the most popular use. A large percentage of the total traffic over the Internet is e-mail. • Off-line (but the duration of delivery can be less than a minute). • Point to point connection, but you can send the same letter to several address (multipoint). • You can send: • plain (ASCII text) or formatted (HTML) text • binary files (images, sound) as attachment • voice- or videomail • E-mail client programs eg.: • ThunderBird, Outlook Express

9. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication Mailing Lists • Off-line (e-mail). Your e-mail client enough to use this feature. • If you subscribed, you will automatically get every e-mail has sent to the list. • Broadcasted. If you send a message to the address of the list, everybody who subscribed will get your mail. (You don`t (have to) know exactly who will get your message).

10. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication On-line Chat • On the Internet, chatting is talking to other people who are using the Internet at the same time you are. (on-line) • Usually, this "talking" is the exchange of typed-in messages (low bandwidh needed). • It could be broadcasted - group chat (everybody has joined the chat room can see your message) or point-point - private chat (between two person). • A chat can also be conducted using sound, video; assuming you have the bandwidth access. • Such services: • MSN, ICQ, IRC, Chat rooms

11. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication Phone via Internet • Internet telephony is the use of the Internet rather than the traditional telephone company infrastructure to exchange spoken or other telephone information. • You can call • Another computer (if your parner have registered to the service, and actually online) • Telephone (a provider connects the telephone network to the internet on the other side, for a fee) • Programs and services eg.: • Skype, • MSN, • Nonoh

12. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication Phone via Internet Sound Digitalization (real-time voice transfer needs more bandwidth than typed in chat)

13. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication Video Transfer via Internet • Real-time (on-line) video transfer require much wider band than voice transfer. • The following types of video transfer occur on the Net: • On-line, point to point videoconference • On-line, broadcasted audiovisual feeds (internet tv channels, youtube). • Off-line, pre-recorded audio/video archives. Real-time transfer is rarelydemanded in this case. Youcan download the whole file(slowly) and playit from yourlocal (fast) harddrive.

14. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication Video Transfer via Internet - Videoconference • A videoconference is a group or a person-to-person discussion in which participants are at different locations but can see and hear each other as though they were together in one place. • Most off-the-Internet videoconferences today involve the use of a room at each geographic location with special videocamera and document presentation facilities. In general, traditional videoconferencing requires special telephone interconnections with wide bandwidth. • On the Web, a lot of product (skype, webinars,msn),offers a simple form of videoconference witheach user (optionally aiming a small videocamera at herself or himself) connected to otherusers in a pre-arranged chat session.

15. Internet as the Medium of Human-Human Communication Video Transfer via Internet - Streaming Video • Streaming video is a sequence of "moving images" that are sent in compressed form over the Internet and displayed by the viewer as they arrive. Streaming media is streaming video with sound. • The user needs a player, which is a special program that uncompresses and sends video data to the display. • Streaming video is usually sent from prerecorded video files, but can be distributed as part of a live broadcast "feed”. • Eg: YouTube, internet television

16. Internet as the Medium of Human-Machine Communication Why Human-Machine communication? • The previous services are to facilitate the direct human communication. The next services are to use the resources of a far computer (run a program on it, access files, etc.) • You can download data (text, picture, sound, video...) stored on an Internet connected computer without other people direct assistance. • You have to say to the server computer what do you want to get and the server will send it to you automatically. • Previously of course the owner of the server has to allow the accessing.

17. Internet as the Medium of Human-Machine Communication A few Technical Concepts The following technical points haven`t been mentioned at the part of e-mail, telephony, chat, etc. In general you don`t have to know them to use that services. But now these concepts will be more visible for the average user. Client / Server architecture TCP/IP protocol DNS URL

18. Internet as the Medium of Human-Machine Communication Remote access • Remote access is the way you can access someone else's computer, assuming they have given you permission. With these client-server programs, you log on as a regular user with whatever privileges you may have been granted to the specific applications and data on that computer. • The result of this request would be an invitation to log on with a userid and a prompt for a password. If accepted, you would be logged on like any user who used this computer every day. • You can use applications running on the server. • Eg. Telnet, VNC, Remote Desktop

19. Internet as the Medium of Human-Machine Communication FTP (File Transfer Protocol) • FTP, a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. FTP is an application protocol that uses the Internet's TCP/IP. • FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server. It's also commonly used to download files to your computer from other servers. Using FTP, you can also update files at a server. • You need to log on to an FTP server. However, publicly available files are easily accessed using anonymous FTP. • Commonly used FTP client programs eg.: • CuteFTP, WsFTP,

20. Internet as the Embodiment of Human Knowledge World Wide Web What Is It? • A technical definition of the World Wide Web is: all the resources and users on the Internet that are using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). • A broader definition comes from the organization that Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee helped found, the World Wide Web Consortium: "The World Wide Web is the universeof network-accessible information,an embodiment of human knowledge."

21. Internet as the Embodiment of Human Knowledge World Wide Web - Getting Started • Using the Web, you have access to millions of pages of information. Web "surfing" is done with a Web browser, the most popular of which are Firefox and Microsoft Internet Explorer. • A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web. • Technically, a Web browser is a client program that uses the HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) to make requests of Web servers throughout the Internet on behalf of the user. • HTML(Hypertext Markup Language) is the set of "markup" symbols or codes. This language is used to define the content ans structure of the web pages, understanded by the browsers.