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Muscle Movement and Skeletal Joints

Learn how muscles contract to generate force for movement at skeletal joints along different axes, the role of tendons, muscle fibers, motor units, and feedback signals from muscles. Explore the complexity of muscle physiology and motor neuronal pools.

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Muscle Movement and Skeletal Joints

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  1. Motor 1

  2. All Movement Involves the rotation of Skeletal Joints • Joints can rotate along: • One axis (knee) • Two axes (wrist) • Three axes (hip)

  3. Muscles only Generate force When they Contract So muscles are always Arranged in pairs for Rotating joints in both directions Note tendons which Attach muscles to the skeleton

  4. Muscles Contract in Response to Acetyl Choline Cholinergic Motor neurons make these connections

  5. Muscles themselves are Made of fibers Each fiber contracts In response to Ach induced depolarization

  6. Muscle Has Different Fiber Types

  7. Cat Gastrocmenius

  8. Cat Soleus

  9. Contractile Properties of Whole Muscles Vary

  10. Muscles Have Heterogenous Properties Twitch Contractions

  11. The Motor Unit

  12. Motor Units are Homogenous by Fiber Type Fiber Types are Adaptive

  13. Conduction Velocities of Alpha-MN Axons soleus Gastroc.

  14. The Size Principle

  15. Feedback Signals From Muscle

  16. Muscles also have sensory transducers Imbedded in them Stretch receptors (also Called spindles) have A firing rate that Indicates muscle length

  17. The Stretch Reflex Circuit

  18. The Motor Neuronal Pool

  19. The Motor-Neuronal Pool

  20. A pool of motor neurons In the spinal cord Serves each muscle These pools form a Topographic map (sort of)

  21. The Law of Combination

  22. -Elwood Henneman

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