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BY : BURAK TEPELİ CEREN BALIK CANBERK ZERAY ZEYNEP ÖYKÜ SAĞLAM

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. UNCTAD. BY : BURAK TEPELİ CEREN BALIK CANBERK ZERAY ZEYNEP ÖYKÜ SAĞLAM.

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BY : BURAK TEPELİ CEREN BALIK CANBERK ZERAY ZEYNEP ÖYKÜ SAĞLAM

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  1. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD BY : BURAK TEPELİ CEREN BALIK CANBERK ZERAY ZEYNEP ÖYKÜ SAĞLAM

  2. UNCTAD A knowledge-based institution to promote development • Introduction to UNCTAD Historical and political context • UNCTAD’s structure Inter-governmental process, cooperation and dialogue • UNCTAD today Its current work and its divisions

  3. UNCTAD Basic goals • Optimize the trade, investment and development opportunities of developing countries • Assist developing countries in their efforts to integrate into the world economy on an equitable basis

  4. UNCTAD Basic characteristics • 193 member States • Secretary-General: Rubens Ricupero (Brazil), since September 1995 • Staff: 400 employees • Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland • Budget: ca. US$ 50 million from the UN budget, US$ 25 million from extra-budgetary sources

  5. 1970s 1980s 1990s 1964 • Washington Consensus • Debt crisis • IMF, World Bank structural adjust. programs • Trade and financial liberalization • Globalization • Creation of the WTO • Increase in FDI • Financial crises (Mexico, Asia, Russia, Brazil) • New International Economic Order • Strengthening of the G-77 • Trade and development • New topics • Creation of UNCTAD • Dr. Prebisch Historical and political context: Creation of UNCTAD G-77 e NIEO Washington Consensus Globalization

  6. Brief History of UNCTAD • First phase: 1964 to late 1970s Rise and climax of UNCTAD’s negotiating role • Second phase: 1980s Strengthening the analytical capacity with greater focus on macroeconomic and financial issues (debt-crisis) • Third phase: 1990s onwards The positive agenda and identification of the shortcomings of the mainstream development strategy

  7. Political dimension of the Conferences • Discussion about: • Development-oriented strategies • Advantages and shortcomings of economic strategies • Intergovernmental and international policies and priorities • Mandates and work of the UN and UNCTAD

  8. Intergovernmental process Consensus-building ECOSOC • Annual session of the commissions: political issues • Expert meetings: technical issues Trade and Development Board Commission on Science and Technology for Development Commission on Trade in Goods, Services and Commodities Commission on Investment, Technology and Related Financial Issues Commission on Enterprise, Business Facilitation and Development Expert Meetings

  9. Meetings • The inter-governmental work is done at 5 levels of meetings: [1] • The UNCTAD Conference – held every 4 years; • UNCTAD XIII will be held in Doha, Qatar  in 2012 • UNCTAD XII was held in Accra, Ghana in 21–25 April 2008  • UNCTAD XI was held in São Paulo, Brazil in 13–18 June 2004  • UNCTAD X was held in Bangkok, Thailand in 12–19 February 2000  • UNCTAD IX was held in Midrand, South Africa in 27 April – 11 May 1996 • UNCTAD VIII was held in Cartagena, Colombia in 8–25 February 1992

  10. Structure of the Secretariat Secretary-GeneralOffice of the S-G Deputy S-G Division of Management Division On Services Infrastructure for Development and Trade Efficiency Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise Development Division on Globalisation and Development Strategies Division On International Trade in Goods and Services, and Commodities Special Programme For Least Developed, Landlocked and Island Developing Countries

  11. How does UNCTAD work? Intergovernmental level Consensus Building Commission meetings Monitoring of inter- governmental activities Expert meetings A TWO-TRACK PROCESS Policy Analysis Human resources capacity-building Institutional Capacity- building Research and analytical studies UNCTAD Secretariat

  12. UNCTAD Cooperation and dialogue Governments 192 countries WTO, World Bank, IMF, etc. International organisations Intergovernmental Organisations (IGOs) and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) Civil Society Universities and research institutes Academia Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Transnational Corporations (TNCs) Private Sector

  13. MAIN THEMES • Poverty/Development • Social dimension of globalization • Equitable world trade (market access, agriculture) • Financial system and world economy • Social and corporate responsibility • LDCs’ external debt • Trade and environment

  14. Analytical process • Annual reports • Specific studies • Technical and statistical material • Regional and national workshops • Analysis of national policies and best practices

  15. Main publications • Trade and Development Report (annual) • World Investment Report (annual) • The Least Developed Countries Report (biennial) • E-commerce and Development Report (annual) • Research Papers Series • www.unctad.org

  16. Development strategies and global interdependence Least developed, landlocked and small island developing countries. DEVELOPMENT UNCTAD’s work Investment, enterprise development, and technology Trade (goods, services and commodities), services infrastructure and trade facilitation

  17. Globalization and Development Strategies • Macro-economic analysis and policy proposals • Studies and projections about the world economy and the financial system • Preparation of the Trade and Development Report (TDR) • Analysis of external debt problems • Development programs for Africa

  18. International Tradein Goods, Services and Commodities • Integrate developing countries in the multilateral trade system and help them benefit from it • Understanding of current issues in multilateral trade negotiations • New proposals – positive agenda

  19. Services Infrastructure for Development and Trade Efficiency • Trade facilitation • Multimodal transportation (ACIS) • E-commerce • TrainForTrade • Global Trade Point Network • Customs modernisation (ASYCUDA)

  20. Special Programme on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) • Currently: 50 LDCs • 34 in Africa, 9 in Asia, 6 in the Pacific Region, 1 in Latin America (Haiti) • Objective: Reduce poverty & increase development • Preparation of the LDC Annual Report • Analysis of the links between poverty-reduction and development strategies • Assistance to LDCs for accession to the WTO and its negotiations • Capacity-building in trade, investment and related services • Organization of the Conference on LDCs

  21. Who participates • Government delegates from 193 countries • International institutions • Parliamentarians • Entrepreneurs • Academics • NGOs and IGOs • Media

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