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Social Perception. Social Perception. The way we seek to know and understand other persons and events. Strategic self-presentation. Conscious and deliberate efforts to shape other people’s impression in order to achieve ulterior goals. Strategies.
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Social Perception • The way we seek to know and understand other persons and events.
Strategic self-presentation • Conscious and deliberate efforts to shape other people’s impression in order to achieve ulterior goals.
Strategies • Self-promotion – attempts to convey positive information about the self either through one’s behavior or by telling others about one’s assets and accomplishments. • Exemplification – designed to elicit perception of integrity and moral worthiness that arouse guilt or emulation in others.
Cont • Modesty – under represent one’s positive traits, contributions or accomplishments. • Intimidation – arousing fear and gaining power by convincing others that they are powerful and dangerous. • Supplication – people advertise their weaknesses or their dependence on others hoping to solicit help or sympathy
Sandbagging – people falsely claim or demonstrate to onlookers that they have poorer skills and abilities than they actually posses • Ingratiation – people manipulate us by flatterring us used to describe behaviors that are motivated by the desire to be liked.
Embarrassment • An unpleasant emotion experienced when we believe that others have good reason to think a flaw has been revealed in us.
We tend to experience embarrassment when we fail to present ourselves to others in a socially competent manner.
Self-Handicapping • A self-presentation strategy in which a person creates obstacles to his or her own performance either to provide an excuse for failure or to enhance success
Self-monitoring • The tendency to use cues from other people’s self-presentations in controlling one’s own self presentations
It is not whether you really cry. Its whether the audience thinks you are crying.
Impression formation • The process by which one integrates various sources of information about another into an overall judgment
Social Cognition • The way in which we interpret, analyze, remember and use information about the social world.
Explicit Cognition • Judgments or decisions of which we are consciously aware
Implicit Cognition • Judgments or decisions that are under the control of automatically activated evaluations occurring without our awareness.
Social Categorization • The classification of people into groups based on their common attributes.
Prototype • The most representative member of a category
Stereotypes • Fixed ways of thinking about people that put them into categories and don’t allow for individual variations
Heuristics • Timesaving mental shortcuts that reduce complex judgment to simple rules of thumb.
Representative heuristics • The tendency to judge the category membership of people based on how closely they match the typical or average member of that category.
Availability Heuristics • The tendency or probability of an event in terms of how easy it is to think of examples of that event.
Hindsight Bias • The tendency, once an event has occurred, to overestimate our ability to have foreseen the outcome.
Counterfactual Thinking • The tendency to evaluate events by imagining alternative versions or outcomes to what actually happened.
False Consensus Effect • The tendency to overestimate how common one’s own attitudes, opinions and beliefs are in the general population.
