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Classical Greece

Classical Greece. Geography. Includes mainland and about 2,000 islands The sea & lack of resources encourage travel and trade Mountains make travel & farming hard Climate allows outdoor activities. Mycenaeans – Indo-Europeans that settle in Southern Greece.

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Classical Greece

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  1. Classical Greece

  2. Geography • Includes mainland and about 2,000 islands • The sea & lack of resources encourage travel and trade • Mountains make travel & farming hard • Climate allows outdoor activities

  3. Mycenaeans – Indo-Europeans that settle in Southern Greece. • Trojan War - 1200s B.C. Mycenae fought Troy • Mycenae civilization collapses

  4. Dorians, move in and no records found for 400 years • History through tradtions • Homer – wrote epics (Iliad & Odyssey) • Mythology – develop gods to understand mystery of life. Have human traits.

  5. Zeus

  6. The City-State • By 750 B.C. the Greek city-state, or polis, is the formal government • A polis is a city and its surrounding villages; 50 - 500 sq. miles • Population often less than 10,000 • Citizens gather on acropolis—a fortified hilltop & discuss government

  7. Governments • Monarchy- • Aristocracy- • Oligarchy- • Tyrant – • Democracy -

  8. Athens – Direct Democracy • Sparta – Military State

  9. Persian Wars • Phalanx – formation of soldiers with spears & shields • Battle of Marathon – Persia vs. Greece

  10. Athens defeats Persia • Pheidippides - runs to Athens to announce Greek victory, “Rejoice, we conquer” then dies. • Athens becomes leader of Greece – 200 city states • Alliance called Delian League.

  11. Assignment • Research daily life in Sparta & Athens • Answer the following questions thoroughly: (pg. 128-131) • 1. The role of government in the lives of individuals • 2. The purpose of education for boys & girls • 3. the responsibilities and privileges of citizens and non-citizens • 4. the roles of women in society

  12. Athens • Golden Age 477- 431 B.C. • How did Pericles’ strengthen Athens? 1.Increased number of officials who were paid salaries. Now anyone can hold office. 2.Uses money from Delian League to build up navy. 3.Beautified Athens

  13. 2 - Greeks • Greek tragedy – character with tragic hero • Ex. Oedipus Rex • Greek comedy

  14. Peloponnesian War • Who, What, When, Where & Why? • 1. Sparta & Athens • 2. Peloponnesian War – Sparta declares war on Athens. Athens had strong navy; Sparta strong army. • 3. 431 B.C. • 4. Athens lost.

  15. Philosophers • Athens loses war and questions meaning of life • 1. Socrates: absolute standards do exist, Greeks should examine their life • 2. Plato: Ideal society of 3 groups • 3. Aristotle: argues for rules of logic, scientific method

  16. Alexander the Great • After Peloponnesian War • King Phillip of Macedonia noticed Greece is weak • Defeats Greece, then dies • Son, Alexander is King • He defeats Persia • Empire grows to include all SW Asia • Army fights for 11 years

  17. Macedonia in orange

  18. Hellenistic Culture • Blending of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, & Indian influences • City of Alexandria becomes largest city • 1st Library here contained most of what we know today

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