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Understanding Forms of Government in Ancient Societies

Explore different types of governance in ancient civilizations such as Monarchy, Democracy, Oligarchy, and Republic. Learn about rulers, dynasties, and social classes that shaped these societies. Discover how power and authority were structured in city-states and empires.

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Understanding Forms of Government in Ancient Societies

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  1. Pre A.P. Vocabulary 7th Grade Social Studies

  2. Monarchy • supreme power or sovereignty held by a single person

  3. Democracy • government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.

  4. Tyrant • any person in a position of authority who exercises power oppressively

  5. Dictator • A ruler who has total control of the government.

  6. Empire • Many territories or peoples controlled by one government.

  7. Dynasty • a sequence of rulers from the same family, stock, or group

  8. Hierarchy • any system of persons or things ranked one above another

  9. Oligarchy • form of government in which all power is vested in a few persons or in a dominant class or clique; government by the few

  10. Social Class • Group of class with similar backgrounds

  11. Republic • a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them

  12. Ally • to unite formally, as by treaty, league, marriage, or the like

  13. Assassinate • to kill suddenly or secretively, esp. a politically prominent person; murder premeditatedly and treacherously

  14. Census • An official count of all people in place

  15. Civil Service • those branches of public service concerned with all governmental administrative functions outside the armed services

  16. Emigrate • to leave one country or region to settle in another; migrate

  17. Immigration • the act of immigrating

  18. Feudalism • A system of which poor people are bound to work for wealthy landowners.

  19. Regent • a person who exercises the ruling power in a kingdom during the minority, absence, or disability of the sovereign

  20. Veto • The rejection of any planned action or rule by a person in power

  21. Viceroy • a person appointed to rule a country or province as the deputy of the sovereign

  22. Monotheism • The belief in one god

  23. Polytheism • The belief in many gods.

  24. Civilization • A society with cities, a central government run by official leaders, and workers who specialize in certain jobs, leading to social classes

  25. City-State • A city that has its own independent government and often controls much of the surrounding land

  26. Philosopher • a person who offers views or theories on profound questions in ethics, metaphysics, logic, and other related fields.

  27. Primary Source • Original document pertaining to an event or subject

  28. Secondary Source • Information that has been gathered by researchers and recorded in books and other publications

  29. Archeologist • Scientists who examine objects such as bones and tools to learn about past peoples and cultures

  30. Aritisan • Skilled worker who practices a trade

  31. epic • A long poem that tells a story

  32. Acropolis • A high, rocky hill where early people built cities

  33. City-state • A city with its own traditions, government and laws

  34. Aristocrat • A member of a rich and powerful family

  35. Tyrant • Ruler who takes power with the support of the middle and working class

  36. Democracy • A form of government in which citizens govern themselves

  37. Peninsula • An area of land nearly surrounded by water

  38. Tribute • A payment made by a less powerful state or nation to a more powerful one

  39. Immortal • Someone or something that lives forever

  40. Oracle • In ancient Greece, a sacred site used to consult a god or goddess; any priest or priestess who spoke for the gods

  41. Philosopher • Someone who used reason to understand the world in Greece and used reason to understand natural events

  42. Tragedy • A type of serious drama that ends in disaster for the main character

  43. Heritage • Something transmitted by or acquired form a predecessor

  44. Impact • A compelling effect

  45. Vibrant • lively

  46. Imitator • One who is or appears to be similar

  47. Shrine • A place in which devotion is paid to a saint or god

  48. Influential • Having the power to sway or affect based on position, ability, wealth or prestige

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