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The Evolving Family Structure and Dynamics in Society

Explore the changing landscape of family structures and roles, from nuclear to blended families, and the impact of societal influences on child development and parental dynamics.

mscheffer
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The Evolving Family Structure and Dynamics in Society

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  1. The Family System Chapter 13

  2. Families as the Mediators of Society and Culture

  3. Family Structures • Nuclear • Extended • Single-Parent • NonTraditional • Reconstituted (Blended)

  4. Changes in Family Structure(U.S. Census Bureau, 1995) • Nuclear Families began numerical decline in 1970’s • Growth rate of single-parent families was 4%/year. Has leveled off. • 1970 - Avg. family size =3.14 • 1994 - Avg. family size =2.67 • 25.1 million married-couple with children • 11.4 million single parents (9.9 million are mothers • Slight resurgence of large families

  5. The Universal Functions of Parenting • Survival • Economic • Self-Actualization

  6. The Family as a System of Systems • Embedded in Society & Culture • Various Subsystems • Mother-Father • Mother - Child • Child -Father • Child - Child

  7. Functional and Dysfunctional Families

  8. The Functions of Family Members • Mom • Dad • Siblings

  9. Levels of Systems: How Society Influences ChildDevelopment: • Level IV- Society & Culture • Institutions & Media • Level III - Child/Parent Interactions • Level II - Child Personality & Cognitive Characteristics • Level I - Reinforcement & Punishment - • Genetic Make-up & Interactional history

  10. What Happens When the Role is Absent or Changed? • Maternal Employment • Effects of Maternal Employment on the Mother • The Effects of Maternal Employment on the Father • The Effects of Maternal Employment on the Marital Relationship • The Effects of Maternal Employment on the Child • Does the Mother’s Work Role Change Her Role at Home? • Paternal Job Loss • 1. Effects on the Father • Effects on the Father’s Personality • 2. Effects on the Child • Socioemotional Effects • Child Aspirations and Expectations • Physical Health • Maternal Job Loss

  11. Maternal Employment • Effects of Maternal Employment on the Mother • The Effects of Maternal Employment on the Father • The Effects of Maternal Employment on the Marital Relationship • The Effects of Maternal Employment on the Child • Does the Mother’s Work Role Change Her Role at Home?

  12. Paternal Job Loss • 1. Effects on the Father • Effects on the Father’s Personality • 2. Effects on the Child • Socioemotional Effects • Child Aspirations and Expectations • Physical Health • Maternal Job Loss

  13. The Effects of Divorce - Moderating Factors • Child Characteristics • Family Characteristics • Extrafamilial Factors

  14. Child Mediating Factors • Amount of Stress • Temperatment & Personality • Developmental Status • Gender

  15. Family Mediating Characteristics • Amount of Parental Conflict • Economic Conditions • Reaction of Mother to Employment • Remarriage • Child Monitoring • Presence of Caregiving Grandparents

  16. Extrafamilial Mediating Factors • Peers • School Structure

  17. Effects of Divorce On Children

  18. Patterns of Family Discipline • Differing Contingencies in Parental Styles • Setting Events • Differences in Antecedents and Consequences • Parents Differ in The Behaviors They Shape

  19. Parental Discipline Styles(D. Baumrind) • Authoritarian • Low warmth - High Control • Permissive • Low Control - (Ususally) High Warmth • Authoritative • Moderate Warmth - Moderate Control

  20. Effects of Discipline Style on Children • Authoritarian • girls - average social & cognitive • boys - average social - low cognitive • Permissive • girls - low social & cognitive • boys - low social & very low cognitive • Authoritative • girls - very high social & cognitive • boys - high social & cognitive

  21. Children In the Context of Poverty • The Extent of the Problem

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