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The Minoan World: 2800 B.C.E.-1400 B.C.E. Linear A. The Abduction of Europa. Zeus. Rembrandt’s Painting of the Abduction (1632). The Legacy of Europa Today. King Minos. Coast of Crete. MACEDONIA. ^ Mt. Olympus. Troy. AEGEAN SEA. ASIA MINOR (TURKEY). THERMOPYLAE *. LESBOS.
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King Minos Coast of Crete
MACEDONIA ^ Mt. Olympus Troy AEGEAN SEA ASIA MINOR (TURKEY) THERMOPYLAE * LESBOS Thebes ATTICA *MARATHON Plataea * Corinth Athens Mycenae IONIAN SEA Miletus PELOPONNESUS Sparta RHODES MEDITERRANEAN SEA CRETE Knossos
Deck over rowers “Bireme” ship
Minoan Ships Mast Prow
Labrys= Greek for “double axe” Labyrinth = Greek for “the House of the Double Axe”
Minoan People & Religion Minoan Snake Goddess Minoan Priest
Religious procession Women were important to Minoan religion.
Polytheistic • Poly= many • Theistic= gods Like the Egyptians the Minoans had many gods. So would the Greeks, but the Greek gods won’t have animal qualities.
Snake “goddess” -goddess? -priestess? -worshipper?
Metalworking Minoans vs. Mycenaeans
Palaces Minoans vs. Mycenaeans
Pottery Minoans vs. Mycenaeans
Religious Practices Minoans vs. Mycenaeans
Water Systems Minoans vs. Mycenaeans
WRITING Minoans vs. Mycenaeans
END OF MINOAN CIVILIZATION • Civilization came to an end around 1400 BC • All palaces destroyed and never rebuilt • Theory 1 • Invaded by Mycenaeans in 1400 BC • Destroyed Crete to eliminate Minoans as trade rivals • Theory 2 • Massive volcanic eruption on island of Thera showered Crete with debris, ash, and poison gas • Destroyed fleets with tidal waves • Mycenaeans arrived after catastrophe and destroyed what was left
Access to fresh water Mycenae Near the sea Walled city
Mycenae The Lions Gate: entrance to the city
MYCENEAN AGE • 1600-1150 BC • Had some contact with Minoan civilization by at least 1600 BC • Typical of the very warlike, semi-barbarian cultures that extended over most of Europe • Only difference was that contact with Minoans gradually caused the Mycenaeans to lose some of their barbarism and allowed them to develop a more sophisticated culture
Homer, the Blind Poet The Trojan War
Hector Achilles