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Polarization Phenomena in Physics: A Comprehensive Overview

Learn about natural radiation, linear polarizers, dichroism, scattering, reflection, birefringence, and more in this detailed guide. Explore the principles of polarization with examples and applications.

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Polarization Phenomena in Physics: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. Polarization PHYSICS 1 Natural Radiation • Somnath Bharadwaj and Pratik Khastgir, Department of Physics and Meteorology, IIT Kharagpur, 721 302 India http://www.cts.iitkgp.ernet.in/~phy1/

  2. Linear Polarizer

  3. Mallus;s Law

  4. Producing Linear Polarization • Dichroism or selective absorption • Scattering • Reflection • Birefringence or double vision

  5. Dichroism Wire-mesh polarizer

  6. Dichroic Crystals Tourmaline – coloured crystal

  7. Polaroid H sheet • Possibly most commonly used polarizer • Inventor E H Land in 1938 • Polyvinyl alcohol sheet heated and stretched • Dipped in iodine rich ink • Iodine chains along direction of stretching • Acts like a wire mesh

  8. Scattering

  9. Sky light is polarized

  10. Reflection

  11. Brewster’s Law Brewster’s angle

  12. Birefringence • Occurs in anisotropic crystals • Refractive Index ne when E along x axis • Refractive Index no when E perp. to x axis • Optic axis along x • Uniaxial Crystal

  13. Birefringence positive

  14. Wollaston Prism

  15. Quarter Wave Plate

  16. Linear to Circular

  17. Partially Polarized Light

  18. Degree of Polarization

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