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Capitolo 6

Capitolo 6. QU. PASSATO PROSSIMO:. Actions that are not habitual in the past When I was a child, I went three times to Rome *Da bambino sono andato in Italia tre volte. In Rome we had snow only one time. * A Roma c'è stata la neve solo una volta) ;

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Capitolo 6

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  1. Capitolo 6 QU

  2. PASSATO PROSSIMO: • Actions that are not habitual in the past When I was a child, I went three times to Rome *Da bambino sono andato in Italia tre volte. In Rome we had snow only one time. *A Roma c'è stata la neve solo una volta); • Physical changes, emotional and mental I felt better after the exam. *Dopo che ho finito l'esame mi sono sentita meglio. It is often accompanied by an expression specifying a particular time, such as ieri, domenicascorsa, or un’orafa.

  3. The past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding:-atoto the stem of -are verbs: (comprare) compr + ato = comprato-uto to the stem of -ere verbs: (vendere) vend + uto= venduto-ito to the stem of -ire verbs: (capire) cap + ito = capito The passatoprossimo is formed with the present of avere or essere and the past participle of the verb. All transitive verbs, i.;e. verbs that can accept a direct object (mangiare, scrivere, guardare, prendere), take avere; Most intransitive verbs, i.e. verbs that do not accept a direct object (andare, partire, uscire), take essere, though some take avere. Generally, verbs of movement are intransitive and take essere.

  4. Here is the passato prossimo of the regular verbs comprare, vendere, and capire.

  5. The passatoprossimo is equivalent to either the present perfect or the simple past in English. Hanno finitoicompiti. { They have finished their homework. { They finished their homework. Ho incontratoSergio. { I have met Sergio. { I met Sergio. Note: The form of the passatoprossimo is the same in a question and in a negative statement, unlike English past tenses. Hanno finitoicompiti? Have they finished (Did they finish) their homework? Non ho incontrato Sergio. I haven’t met (didn’t meet) Sergio.

  6. The adverbs of time già(already), ancora( yet), mai(ever, never), and sempre (always) usually occur between the auxiliary verb and the past participle. — Avetegiàpagato? — Have you already paid?— No, non abbiamoancora —No, we haven’t ordered yet!ordinato! In a question, the adverb mai with the passatoprossimo means ever. In a negative sentence it means never: — Haimaiguidatouna — Have you ever driven amotocicletta? motorcycle?— No, non ho maiavuto — No, I’ve never had thel’occasione. opportunity.

  7. Passatoprossimo con avere ESSERE E AVERE

  8. THE PASSATO PROSSIMO WITH avere With verbs that take avere, the past participle ends with "o" no matter what the subject (though the past participle does agree with any direct object pronouns which may precede it). *a direct object that answers the question what? or whom? Hanno mangiato (che cosa?) una pizza.Ha passato (che cosa?) le vacanze in America.Abbiamo ordinato (che cosa?) i panini e l’aranciata.Ho veduto (chi?) Sergio.Hanno incontrato (chi?) Edoardo. haivistomiasorella? no, non ho vistotuasorellahaimangiatogli spaghetti? certo, ho mangiatogli spaghetti un’orafa.

  9. Passatoprossimo con essere Here is a list of some common regular verbs that form the passatoprossimo with the auxiliary essere.

  10. PASSATO PROSSIMO WITH ESSERE With verbs that take essere, the past participle must agree with the subject in gender and number: la donna ha parlato, la donna è uscitale donne hanno finito, le donne sono andate viagli uomini hanno ricevuto una lettera, gli uomini sono uscitil'uomo ha finito, l'uomo é andato via The verb piacere also uses essere as its auxiliary in the passatoprossimo. When the person or thing liked is singular, the verb is singular; when it is plural, the verb is plural. Vernazza mi è piaciuta.I liked Vernazza.E mi sonopiaciute molto And I really liked the beaches there.le spiaggelì

  11. CASA DI ESSERE

  12. Many Italian verbs, particularly -ere verbs, have irregular past participles. A list of common verbs with irregular past participles follows. A more complete list appears in Appendix E. Asterisks indicate that the passatoprossimois formed with essere. Participipassatiirregolari

  13. Cosahaifattoieri sera? — What did you do last night?— Nientedispeciale. Sonostato — Nothing special. I was with con alcuniamici al bar. some friends at a bar.— Fino a cheorasieterimastilì? — How long did you stay there?— Fino a tardi! Abbiamo — Late! We discussed politics.discussodipolitica. 2. Perdere and vedere have both regular and irregular past participles. The irregular forms are more commonly used. — Ieri ho perso lo zaino. — Ieri ho visto Sergio.— Haiperdutoancheilibri? — Haivedutoancheilsuo ultimo acquisto? 3. Stato is the past participle of both essere and stare. Their forms are identical in the passatoprossimo, but their meaning is usually clear from the context. — Maura è stata a scuolaieri? — Was Maura at school yesterday?— No, è stata a casa tutta la giornata. — No, she stayed at home all day.

  14. Verbiirregolari: bere, dire, uscire 1. The verbs bere (to drink),dire(to say), and uscire(to go out) are irregular in the present tense. Here are their forms. The past participles of bere and dire are irregular: bevuto and detto.Uscire is regular in the passatoprossimo but is conjugated with essere. -Siamouscitiieri sera per festeggiare - Last night we went out toilcompleannodi Paolo. celebratePaolo’s birthday.-Gliabbiamodetto “Auguri!” e -We said “Best wishes!” and drankabbiamobevutoallasua to his health.

  15. Passato prossimo con essere • Alvaro e` ritornato a casa tardi. • Albertina e` partita presto. • Assunta e Gloria sono andate a fare la spesa. • Oronzo e Nino sono usciti questa mattina. • Sua sorella e suo fratello sono arrivati in macchina.

  16. Passato prossimo con essere • essere in ritardo • essere in orario

  17. Passato prossimo con essere 1. A che ora sei arrivato/a questa mattina? 2. A che ora sei andato/a a dormire? 3. Sei mai (ever) partito/a dagli Stati Uniti? Dove sei andato/a? 4. Con chi sei uscito/a venerdi` sera? Dove siete andati/e? A che ora siete ritornati/e in dormitorio? 5. Sei stato/a in Europa? Dove sei stato/a?

  18. Change the present tense to the present perfect: 7. "Dottor Cagnazzo, pulisce il suo ufficio?" 8. Finiscono i compiti e guardano la telenovela. 9. Non servo verdura alla signor Cavallo. 10. Mostriamo i nuovi pantaloncini e la cintura a Luigia.

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