1 / 26

Origin of the Solar System

Origin of the Solar System. GCSE Science. Chapter 12. Origin of the Solar System. The solar system was formed by a gravitational fall of a cloud of gas made up of hydrogen, helium and dust. GCSE Science. Chapter 12. Next. Orbit of the Planets 1. Mercury. Venus.

moriah
Download Presentation

Origin of the Solar System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Origin of the Solar System GCSE Science Chapter 12

  2. Origin of the Solar System The solar system was formed by a gravitational fall of a cloud of gas made up of hydrogen, helium and dust. GCSE Science Chapter 12 Next

  3. Orbit of the Planets 1 Mercury Venus • The four inner planets are rocky. • They are kept in an orbit around the sun by gravity. GCSE Science Chapter 12 Mars Earth

  4. Orbit of the Planets 2 Saturn Jupiter • The other planets are gas giants. • Pluto is no longer considered to be a planet! Neptune GCSE Science Chapter 12 Uranus

  5. Comets • A comet’s orbit is an ellipse shape. • The comet’s tail always points away from the sun - why? GCSE Science Chapter 12

  6. MERCURY • No atmosphere. • Closest to the sun. • Daytime temperature 350°C. • Night time temperature -180°C. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  7. Venus • Thick and dense atmosphere made up of sulphuric acid and carbon dioxide. • Severe greenhouse effect. • No life. • No moon. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  8. EARTH • Blue planet with clouds. • Oxygen and water available. • Inhabited by life forms. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  9. MARS • Rocky with red dust on its surface. • May once have had water • No life found here so far. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  10. JUPITER • The largest planets (all the other planets would fit into this one!). • Atmosphere of liquid hydrogen and helium. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  11. SATURN Rings of small rocks encased in ice. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  12. URANUS • Pale green colour. • Looks as if it’s lying on its side (it has a horizontal axis). GCSE Science Chapter 12

  13. NEPTUNE • Similar to Uranus. • Blue in colour. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  14. PLUTO • Not considered to be a planet any longer. • About 1/5 of the size of the Earth. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  15. Asteroids • There is an asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. • These are bits of rock of varying sizes. • These are affected by the gravitational pull of the planets, and some have even collided with earth! GCSE Science Chapter 12

  16. Comets • Made up of a mixture of ice and dust. • Come from two places: Oort cloud (beyond the solar system), and the Kuiper belt (beyond Neptune). • They have elliptical orbits. • Tails always point away from the sun and are millions of kilometres long! GCSE Science Chapter 12

  17. Relative sizes GCSE Science Chapter 12

  18. Data on the Solar System You are not expected to learn this information, but you will need to use the data to draw a conclusion e.g. ….. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  19. CONCLUSION: The average temperature of the planets decreases with their distance from the sun. Venus is an exception due to the greenhouse effect. The change is not constant. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  20. CONCLUSION: The time it takes for planets to orbit the sun increases with distance. The change is not constant. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  21. GRAVITY • Gravity is the force that exists between two or more masses. • Gravitational force always attracts mass. • Approximately 1/1,000,000 N exists between you and the person next to you (it’s not strong enough to affect us). GCSE Science Chapter 12

  22. A Gravity The earth has a lot of mass, so its gravitational attraction on our bodies keeps us on the ground. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  23. GRAVITY • Gravity is the force that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun. • Gravity i the force that keeps the moon (the earth’s natural satellite) in its orbit around the earth. • Gravity is the force that keeps satellites in their orbits around the earth. • Gravity always act on the centre of a mass. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  24. GRAVITY If it’s possible to fire a gun quickly enough, then the gravitational force that pulls the bullet down towards the centre of the earth, causes it to orbit around the earth. GCSE Science Chapter 12

  25. GRAVITY - SUMMARY • A small body keeps in orbit around a larger body because of its high mass, and the gravitational force between the two bodies. • The larger the distance between the two bodies, the weaker the gravitational force . • The greater the mass, the greater the gravity. Gravity meter GCSE Science Chapter 12

  26. DISCOVERING NEW PLANETS • A planet’s orbit is something that can be predicted, but sometimes a planet shows a change in its path. Sometimes, the gravitational pull of another planet affects its path. • We have been able to use this sin our search for new planets. • April 24, 2007 – a planet similar to earth, 20.5 light years away, was found, with a larger gravity (1.6 more than earth). The effect of another planet’s gravity GCSE Science Chapter 12

More Related