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Vertebrates & Invertebrates

Vertebrates & Invertebrates. SC standards: 6-3.1  Compare the characteristic structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). The Animal Kingdom.

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Vertebrates & Invertebrates

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  1. Vertebrates & Invertebrates SC standards: 6-3.1  Compare the characteristic structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals)

  2. The Animal Kingdom • Multi-cellular (has many cells) • Cannot make their own food, they are heterotrophs (must get energy by eating plants and other animals • Are either vertebrates or invertebrates • Vertebrates fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds or mammals • Invertebrates sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods

  3. Vertebrates • ANIMALS WITH A BACKBONE! • Shared characteristics of vertebrates: • Backbone • Protective skin covering • Inside skeleton • Muscles • Blood that circulates through blood vessels • Lungs or gills for breathing

  4. Vertebrates are divided into 5 groups: • Fish • Amphibians • Reptiles • Mammals • Birds

  5. Vertebrate- Fish • Have backbones • Cold-blooded (ectothermic) • Obtain oxygen in water through gills • Most lay eggs • Have scales • Have fins • Live in water

  6. Vertebrate- Amphibians • Have backbones • Cold-blooded (ectothermic) • Can breathe in water with gills early in life and breathe on land with lungs as adults • Lay jelly-like eggs • Major groups are frogs, toads, and salamanders

  7. Vertebrate- Reptiles • Have backbones • Cold-blooded (ectothermic) • Breathe with lungs • Most lay eggs • In some reptiles the eggs hatch inside the mother • Have scales or plates

  8. Vertebrates- Mammals • Have backbones • Warm-blooded (endothermic) • Breathe with lungs • Have babies that are born alive • Have fur or hair • Produce milk to feed their young

  9. Vertebrates- Birds • Have backbones • Are warm-blooded (endothermic) • Breathe with lungs • Lay eggs • Have feathers • Have a beak • Two wings • Two feet

  10. Invertebrates- • ANIMALS WITHOUT A BACKBONE! • 90% of ALL animals are invertebrates • Largest group of invertebrates are the arthropods

  11. Invertebrates- Sponges • Very simple animals • Have many pores (holes) through which water flows • Water moves into a ventral cavity and out through a hole in the top • Sponges obtain their food and eliminate wastes through this passage of water • Live in fresh or salt water

  12. Invertebrates- Segmented Worms • Have long tube-like bodies that are divided into segments • Simplest organisms with a true nervous system • Have a long digestive tube that runs down the length of the worm’s body • Examples: earthworms and leeches

  13. Invertebrates- Echinoderms • Similar parts (arms) that extend from the middle body outwards • They have tube feet and spines • Examples: starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, or sea urchins

  14. Invertebrates- Arthropods • Have jointed legs • Live on land and in water • Have hard outer coverings called exoskeletons • Have segmented bodies and some have wings • Examples: insects, spiders, and crustaceans

  15. Invertebrates- Mollusks • Have soft bodies • Most have a thick muscular foot for movement or to open and close their shells • Live in salt or fresh water or on land • Some have shells • Examples: snails, clams and octopi

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