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REDD+, an introduction

REDD+, an introduction. Michael BUCKI (DG CLIMA) Based on slides by Dr Ruth Nussbaum ( ProForest ). Where does it come from ?. International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (2007) calculated:

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REDD+, an introduction

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  1. REDD+, an introduction Michael BUCKI (DG CLIMA) Based on slides byDr Ruth Nussbaum (ProForest)

  2. Where does it come from ?

  3. International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) • IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (2007) calculated: • ca 20% anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the 1990s from land use change, mainly forests • Ca 25% total emissions reabsorbed by terrestrial ecosystems • Forests crucial sources and sinks for greenhouse gases

  4. Forests versus other GHG sources Approximate emissions 1990-1999 in million metric tons CO2 • Stern Report (2006) and Eliasch review (2008) highlighted forests as a source of GHG emissions and put a number on cost of reductions • McKinsey (2009) identified forests as a crucial component of any abatement strategy Petrol Coal Forest Related Natural Gas

  5. Developments within UNFCCC • Most forest-related activities excluded from the Kyoto Protocol • COP 11 Montreal in 2005 • Coalition of Rainforest Nations requested a new agenda item under the Convention on: “Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries” • Widespread support • COP 13 Bali in 2007 • Decision 2/CP.13: Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries: approaches to stimulate action • COP 15 in Copenhagen and 16 in Cancun (December 2010) made further progress GOAL: To slow, halt and reverse the loss of forest cover and forest carbon

  6. What is it?

  7. What is REDD? Emissions from forests Baseline or reference level } Reduced emissions • “ … in the contextof the provision of financial resourcesand technicalsupport …” • Estimations: • €20-25 bn 2010-2015 • €10 bn/y by 2020 Actual emissions Time Forest Emissions= Area Change X Conversion Factor Uncertainty ? Periodicity ? Additionality ?

  8. Conservation of carbon in existing stocks Reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) Enhanced removals of carbon through increasing forest cover Sustainable forest management What is REDD+ The Forest Transition Curve

  9. How to proceed?

  10. Implementing REDD+ • Goal • Ex Ante Support for Strategic Planning, Reforms Capacity Building, Monitoring and Baseline Setting • Losses reduced relative to baseline at national level • Performance measured nationally • Payment made ex post based on verified performance • Reality • Many countries will not be able to achieve this in the short term • Baselines may be challenging • Not able to reduce losses relative to baseline • Not able to monitor adequately

  11. Information Needs • Initial discussion focused only on carbon • Now broad agreement that other forest values must be respected, hence monitored: • Tenure and use rights (particularly of indigenous people) • Biodiversity and protection of natural forests • Other ecosystem services • Equitable distribution of income

  12. Who’s who?

  13. UNFCCC, AWG LCA, SBI, SBSTAREDD+ Partnership and DatabaseUNREDD, FCPF, FIPEU REDD FacilityEU REDD Platform

  14. Expectations for the FacilityBuilding on REDD+/FLEGT synergies or“REDD as MAD”(Mitigation, Adaptation, Development)1. Supporting targeted developing country in building their capacity and improving forest governance in view of REDD+ objectives 2. Guiding selected developing countries in accessing finance for REDD+3. Facilitating Commission Services, MS and EU delegation support to REDD+ implementation in developing countries4. Supporting effective communication and outreach

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