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Delineating Soil Horizons

Delineating Soil Horizons. Bedrock. Soil as a Natural Body. Differentiation. Parent Material. Additions. Losses. Translocations. Transformations. Bedrock. Soil Horizons. Roughly parallel layers in the soil with varying composition and properties. Master Horizons.

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Delineating Soil Horizons

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  1. Delineating Soil Horizons

  2. Bedrock Soil as a Natural Body Differentiation Parent Material Additions Losses Translocations Transformations Bedrock

  3. Soil Horizons Roughly parallel layers in the soil with varying composition and properties

  4. Master Horizons

  5. Criteria for Characterizing Soil Horizons • Color • Texture • Density • Structure • Organic matter • Mineralogy • Chemistry

  6. Soil Color

  7. Soil Color Determinants • Mineralogy of the soil/parent material • Relative amount of organic matter • Hydrology of the soil • Soil chemistry • Soil Microbes

  8. Coloring Agents in Soils Organic Matter Grey to Black coloration particularly in topsoil or A horizon material. Can be found in the sub-soil as an accumulation Elements and Compounds Iron, manganese Purplish black Reddish to yellow-brown

  9. Soil Color Determination

  10. Munsell Soil Color Hue dominant spectral color; related to the wavelength of light. Related to the proportions of red to yellow. In soils we only use 1/5 of the color chips available. Value related to total amount of light reflected. Chroma measure of the strength of spectral color

  11. 10R 0 2.5YR 5YR 7.5YR 10YR 0 2.5 Y 5Y

  12. Hue Pages 10 R 2.5 YR 5 YR 7.5 YR 10 YR 2.5 Y 5 Y Red Yellow Increasingly dominated by yellow spectral color Florida soils dominated by 7.5 YR and 10 YR pages

  13. Soil Color

  14. Hue = 10 YR Value = 6 Chroma = 3 Munsell Color 10 YR 6/3

  15. 10 YR 5/6 10 YR 2/1

  16. Pink Pale Red light Red Red Weak Red Dark Red

  17. Summary A horizon – mid/low value - low chroma E horizon – high value - low chroma B horizon – ? value - ? chroma

  18. Water table depth Oxygen status Development decisions

  19. Hydric Soil Classification Hue 10YR or Yellower Value ≤ 3 Chroma ≤ 1 “Black Histic”

  20. Low Value Low Value High Value Low Chroma high Chroma

  21. Criteria for Characterizing Horizons • Color • Texture • Density • Structure • Organic matter • Mineralogy • Chemistry

  22. See the Teaching Assistants Before Leaving: Jon Demps Melissa Odal Grant Baysinger Daniel Kristiansen Markihe Anderson Percy Harvin Also anyone who has not received a student number

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