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Overview of Distributed Information Systems: Internet Protocols, Architecture, and Security

This course provides an in-depth exploration of distributed information systems, focusing on their fundamental components and protocols. Topics include an overview of the Internet, the structure of Internet service providers, and key protocols like HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and DNS. We will examine both transport (TCP, UDP) and network layers, routing algorithms, and the importance of network security, including encryption and firewalls. Furthermore, the course will cover basic operating systems concepts and middleware frameworks relevant to distributed systems, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of their design and implementation.

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Overview of Distributed Information Systems: Internet Protocols, Architecture, and Security

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  1. 1DT066Distributed Information Systems Course Summary

  2. Introduction to Internet • Internet overview • What’s a protocol? • Network edge, core, access network • packet-switching vs. circuit-switching • Internet/ISP structure • Internet protocol stack • [Book] Kurose et al. Ch. 1 Introduction

  3. Application Layer • Specific protocols: • HTTP • FTP • SMTP, POP, IMAP • DNS • P2P: BitTorrent, Skype • [Book] Kurose et al. Ch. 2 • Application architectures • client-server • P2P • hybrid • application service requirements: • reliability, bandwidth, delay • Internet transport service model • connection-oriented, reliable: TCP • unreliable, datagrams: UDP 2: Application Layer

  4. Transport Layer • Principles behind transport layer services: • multiplexing, demultiplexing • reliable data transfer • flow control • congestion control • Instantiation and implementation in the Internet • UDP • TCP • [Book] Kurose et al. Ch. 3 Transport Layer

  5. Network Layer • Introduction • Virtual circuit and datagram networks • What’s inside a router • IP: Internet Protocol • Datagram format • IPv4 addressing • IPv6 • [Book] Kurose et al. Ch. 4 • 4.5 Routing algorithms • Link state • Distance Vector • Hierarchical routing • 4.6 Routing in the Internet • RIP • OSPF • BGP • 4.7 Broadcast and multicast routing Network Layer

  6. Link Layer • Link Layer Services • Multiple Access Protocols • channel partitioning, by time, frequency or code • Time Division, Frequency Division • random access (dynamic), • ALOHA, S-ALOHA, CSMA, CSMA/CD • taking turns • polling from central site, token passing • Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) • [Book] Kurose et al. Ch. 5

  7. Network Security Basic techniques…... • cryptography (symmetric and public) • message integrity • digital signature …. used in many different security scenarios • secure email Operational Security: firewalls and IDS [Book] Kurose et al. Ch. 8

  8. Operating Systems • Brief introduction to operation systems • Major operating systems components • Basic computer system organization • Computer and network architecture • understand OS and how middleware is supported by the OS at the nodes of a distributed system • [Book] Coulouris et al. Ch. 7

  9. Distributed Systems • Definitions of distributed systems and comparisons to centralized systems. • The characteristics of distributed systems. • The eight forms of transparency. • The basic design issues. • [Book] Coulouris et al. Ch. 1 and 2

  10. Middlewares • The basic conceptual framework for middleware in distributed systems. • Definition of RPC and how it works. • Basics of web services technologies. • [Book] Coulouris et al. Ch. 5 and 9

  11. Time, Coordination and Agreement • Timing issues • Synchronizing physical clocks. • Logical time and logical clocks. • Distributed coordination and mutual exclusions. • Coordination. • Elections • Ring-based algorithm • Bully algorithm • Multicast communication. • [Book] Coulouris et al. Ch. 14 and 15.

  12. Concurrency Control • Transaction concepts: • ACID • Transaction commands • Roles of distributed components in transactions • Two-phase commit • phase one: voting • phase two: completion • Distributed Transactions and Distributed Deadlocks • [Book] Coulouris et al. Ch. 16

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