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Chemistry 3140: Advanced Inorganic Chemistry

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Chemistry 3140: Advanced Inorganic Chemistry

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    1. Chemistry 3140: Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Transition Metal Complexes: Structure and Nomenclature

    2. Main Group Metals vs Transition Metals Just look at these samples of metal solutions across the third row of the periodic table ... What trends do you see?

    3. Main Group Metals vs Transition Metals There is a huge difference between the symbols Na+ (aq) and Mn+2 (aq) ...

    4. Main Group Metals vs Transition Metals Transition metals atoms bound to species (atoms, ions or molecules) that formally donate electrons to the metal.

    5. Ligands

    7. Six ammonias A complex was known to contain a Co+3 ion, six ammonia molecules, and three free chloride ions. How can it be put together? Jorgensen: Obviously it looks like this:

    8. Werner and Six Ammonias The Werner structure ...

    9. Five Ammonias A complex is known to contain a Co+3 ion, five ammonia molecules, and three chloride ions, two free and one more tightly bound. How can it be put together?

    10. Four Ammonia’s A complex is known to contain a Co+3 ion, four ammonia molecules, and three chloride ions (one free and two tightly bound). Further, there are two compounds with this formula, one green, the other purple. How can it be put together?

    11. Four Ammonia’s

    12. Three Ammonia’s Finally, someone succeeded in producing a complex ion with a Co+3 ion, three ammonia molecules and three chlorides. None of the chlorides were free …

    13. Chiral Complexes The proof that chiral complexes could be made, like Ni(en)3+2, clinched it for Werner. Good example of scientific debate: - forced synthesis of new compounds - provoked expansion of theories - development of new theories

    14. Werner’s “Complex Ions” The Werner theory requires two different types of bonding ions/molecules to the metal: Ligands that are bound directly to the metal atom (this is called the “coordination sphere”) - monodentate: - chelates: loosely bound negative ions that balance the charge of the metal ions and become free ions in solution

    15. Heme

    16. However, “usual” format is very similar to that used in simple salts and molecules Coordinated ligands inside [], metal listed first Loosely associated cations first Loosely associated anions last Writing Formulas

    17. Naming Coordination Compounds I) For postively charged complex ions: Metal listed last Ligands listed in alphabetical order with prefix indicating how many - coordinated water are called - coordinated ammonia is called - negatively charged ions have - ligands bridging between two metals have - cis (adjacent) and trans (opposite) used when appropriate

    18. For negatively charged complex ions: Same rules for ligands Metals named based on source of symbol +ate - Fe “ferrate” - Pb “plumbate” - Au “aurate” - Ag “argenate” - Sn “stannate” ex. K3[Fe(CN)6] is … What do you call these things?

    19. Try these: [Ag(NH3)2]Cl Pt(en)Cl2 Sodium tetrahydroxoferrate(III) dicarbonyldioxolatotungsten(VI) bromide

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