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STRING ler. String ler. $a = trim($name); // kırpma $a = nl2br(“line1<br>line2”); // “line1<br>line2” çevirir printf(“total %d”, 15); // prints to stdout. URL olarak string gönderme. $name = urlencode ($name); $email = urlencode ($_POST['email']);
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Stringler $a = trim($name); //kırpma $a = nl2br(“line1\nline2”); // “line1<br>line2” çevirir printf(“total %d”, 15); // prints to stdout
URL olarak string gönderme $name = urlencode ($name); $email = urlencode ($_POST['email']); print "Click <a href=\"thanks.php?name=$name&email=$email\">here</a> to continue.";
Strings in PHP A string is an array of character. $a = strtoupper($name); // büyük harf $a = strtolower($name); // küçük harf $a = ucfirst($name); // İlk karakterbüyük $text = "A very long woooooooooooord.";$newtext = wordwrap($text, 8, "\n", 1); $a = crpyt($a); // şifreleme $a = decrypt(encrpyt($a)); // 2-way encription with Mcrpt extension
Strings in PHP Slash ekler- (veritabanına eklerken) $a = AddSlashes($typedText); Slashları kaldırır $a = StripSlashes($typedText);
String birleştirme ve ayırma <? $pizza = "piece1 piece2 piece3 piece4 piece5"; $pieces = explode (" ", $pizza); // split string into pieces for($i=0; $i<count($pieces); $i++) echo "-> $pieces[$i]<br>"; echo implode(“:", $pieces); // join strings using “:“ ?>
Stringleri ayırma $string = "This is an example string"; $tok = strtok ($string," "); while ($tok) { echo "Word=$tok<br>"; $tok = strtok (" "); }
Strings in PHP • string substr (string string, int start [, int length]) • int strlen (string str) • int strcmp (string str1, string str2)Returns • < 0 if str1 is less than str2; • > 0 if str1 is greater than str2, • 0 if they are equal.
Regular Expressions • A way of describing a pattern in string • Use special characters to indicate meta-meaning in addition to exact matching. • More powerful than exact matching • There are 2 sets of function on regular expressions in PHP • Functions using POSIX-type reg expr • Functions using Perl-type reg expr
Regular Expressions “.” tek bir karakterle eşleşir .at == “cat”, “sat”, etc. [a-zA-Z0-9] tek bir karakterle(a-zA-Z0-9) arasında eşleşir. [^0-9] rakam olmayan birşeyle eşleşir.
Regular Expr: Built-in Char-sets • [[:alphanum:]] --harf • [[:digit:]] rakamla • [[:space:]] boşlukla
Regular Expr • . Tek karakter • + 1 ya da daha fazla bulunan stringle • * 0 ya da daha fazla bulunan stringle • [a-z] karakter • ^ değil anlamında • $ string sonu • | or • \ özel karakterleri atlar • (sub-expr) -- sub-expression • (sub-expr){i,j} i min i, max j ile sub-expr olma durumu
Reg Expr Functions (Perl) • preg_match — Perform a reg expr match • preg_match_all — Perform a global r.e. match • preg_replace — Perform a re search & replace • preg_split — Split string by a reg expr
preg_match -- Perform a re match int preg_match (string pattern, string subject [, array matches]) • Searches subject for a match to the reg expr given in pattern. • Return one match for each subpattern () only • $matches[0]: the text matching the full pattern • $matches[1]: the text that matched the first captured parenthesized subpattern, and so on. • Returns true if a match for pattern was found
preg_match -- Perform a re match preg_match("/pattern/modifier", subject, array) Modifiers: • i: case insensitive search • m: by default subject is treated single-line even if it contains newlines, m makes PCRE treat subject multiline (for ^, $) • s: makes . metacharacter match \n • x: whitespace in pattern is ignored • E: $ matches only at the end of subject • U: behave ungreedy (comert)
preg_match -- Perform a re match $s = <<<STR <table><tr><td>cell1</td><td>cell2</td></tr> <tr><td>cell3</td><td>cell4</td></tr></table> STR; preg_match("/<table>(.*)<\/table>/Us", $s, $r) // anything between <table> and </table> preg_match("/<tr><td>(.*)<\/td><td>(.*)<\/td><\/tr>/Us", $r[1], $t) // matches cell1 and cell2 preg_match("/<tr>(.*)<\/tr>/Us", $r[1], $t); // matches <td>cell1</td><td>cell2</td>
preg_match_all: Perform global match int preg_match_all (string pattern, string subject, array matches [, int order]) • Searches subject for all matches and puts them in matches in the order specified by order. • After the first match, the subsequent ones are continued on from end of the last match. • $matches[0] is an array of full pattern matches • $matches[1] is an array of strings matched by the first parenthesized subpattern, and so on.
preg_match_all: Perform global match preg_match("/<table>(.*)<\/table>/Us", $s, $r); preg_match_all("/<tr><td>(.*)<\/td><td>(.*)<\/td><\/tr>/Us", $r[1], $t); echo $t[1][0],$t[1][1],$t[2][0],$t[2][1]; // prints cell1cell3cell2cell4 preg_match_all("/<tr><td>(.*)<\/td><td>(.*)<\/td><\/tr>/Us", $r[1], $t, PREG_SET_ORDER ); //Orders results so that $matches[0] is an array of first set of matches, $matches[1] is an array of second set of matches,… echo $t[0][1],$t[0][2],$t[1][1],$t[1][2]; // returns cell1cell2cell3cell4
preg_match_all: Perform global match Back reference preg_match_all ("/(<([\w]+)[^>]*>)(.*)(<\/\\2>)/", $html, $matches); // \\2 means [\w]+ preg_match_all ("|<[^>]+>(.*)</[^>]+>|U", $html, $m) // return text in html tags
Convert HTML to Text $html = file(“http://www.page.com”); $search = array ("'<script[^>]*?>.*?</script>'si", "'<[\/\!]*?[^<>]*?>'si", "'([\r\n])[\s]+'", "'&(quote|#34);'i", "'&(amp|#38);'i", …); $replace = array ("", "", "\\1", "\"", "&", …); $text = preg_replace ($search, $replace, $html);
Reg Expr Functions (POSIX) • ereg (string pattern, string string [, array regs]) • Searches a string for matches to the regular expression given in pattern. • ereg_replace (string pattern, string subs, string string) • Scans string for matches to pattern, then replaces the matched text with subs. • array split (string pattern, string string [, int limit]) • Split string using pattern
Regular Expr ereg ("abc", $string); ereg ("^abc", $string); ereg ("abc$", $string); eregi ("(ozilla.[23]|MSIE.3)", $HTTP_USER_AGENT); ereg ("([[:alnum:]]+) ([[:alnum:]]+) ([[:alnum:]]+)", $string,$regs); $string = ereg_replace ("^", "<BR>", $string); $string = ereg_replace ("$", "<BR>", $string); $string = ereg_replace ("\n", "", $string);
Regular Expr if (ereg ("([0-9]{4})-([0-9]{1,2})-([0-9]{1,2})", $date, $regs)) { echo "$regs[3].$regs[2].$regs[1]"; }else{ echo "Invalid date format: $date"; }
Regular Expr $string = "This is a test"; echo ereg_replace (" is", " was", $string); echo ereg_replace ("( )is", "\\1was", $string); echo ereg_replace ("(( )is)", "\\2was", $string);
Regular Expr $date = "04/30/1973"; // Delimiters may be slash, dot, or hyphen list ($month, $day, $year) = split ('[/.-]', $date); echo "Month: $month; Day: $day; Year: $year";
