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Understanding Clauses, Phrases, and Punctuation in 9th Grade English

This guide helps 9th-grade students identify and correctly use various grammatical structures, including main and subordinate clauses, gerunds, infinitives, and participial phrases. It also covers the mechanics of punctuation such as semicolons, colons, ellipses, and hyphens. Students will learn the differences between semicolons and colons, explore the functions of infinitives and gerunds, and understand the correct use of ellipsis. Engaging resources like videos and examples will enhance learning and application in writing.

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Understanding Clauses, Phrases, and Punctuation in 9th Grade English

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  1. Grammar Standard 9.6.1 Identify and correctly use clauses, both main and subordinate; phrases, including gerund, infinitive and participial; and the mechanics of punctuation, such as semicolons, colons, ellipses, and hyphens. Beatrice Bodner 9th Grade English

  2. What’s the difference? Semi Colon ; Colon : • use it as a super-comma • connect two independent clauses together into one sentence • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4n_lDJujovY • in a formal letter or business letter • to separate a title and a subtitle • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tH2Eg4emrk

  3. Infinitives and Gerunds Infinitives Gerunds • Verb that names the action or state without specifying the subject • Example: • To jump • Verb and functioning as a noun • Example: • Jumping How would you describe this scene using an infinitive and a gerund? http://a4esl.org/q/f/z/zz97mkm.htm

  4. Ellipsis … • Three little dots…commonly misused • How not to use? • The class is going to…the movies! • How to use? • to show an omission • to indicate a pause in the flow of a sentence How do you see ellipsis being used? Where are some common places they are used, either correctly or incorrectly?

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