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Shale Gas Plays in New York

Shale Gas Plays in New York: Information for An Informed Citizenry

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Shale Gas Plays in New York

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    1. 1

    2. Outline of Presentation Where and Why Shale Gas: Why Us? The Potential Scale of the Play in NY: Be Prepared for Big Numbers The Technique of Drilling and Fracturing: “Fracking”: The MOVIE Water: How Much, From Where Fracturing Fluid: What Is It and Why Fracturing Fluid: Where Does It Go and What Goes with It? Is It All Worth It? My Opinions, You Decide 2

    3. So Much to Learn, So Much So Strange 3

    4. NYS Stratigraphy: The Underall Picture 4

    5. Marcellus Shale and Its Fairway in NYS 5

    6. Utica Shale and Its Fairway in NYS 6

    7. So How Much Can Marcellus Gas Help U.S. Supplies??? 7

    8. The Article That Caught The Attention of Many 8

    9. Key Data from Engelder Article: Part 1 9

    10. Key Data for Estimation of Well Productivity and Economics: PA 10

    11. 11 Key Data from Engelder Article: Part 2

    12. 12 Key Data from Engelder Article: Part 3

    13. Key Data for Estimation of Well Productivity and Economics: PA 13

    14. How Much Is Your Gas Worth? 14

    15. 15 How Much Is Your Gas Worth?

    16. Development in PA Will Control Rate of Development in NY 120 big rigs in PA by end of 2010: not many more available now—capital? Gathering lines just now under construction in PA 5,000 wells/year plan for PA; 1400 this year. If/when permitting starts in NY, few will be receiving royalties for years to come—capital for rigs, lines, compressors; DEC review staffing Don’t get your hopes up for big checks soon, even if permitting were to start today 16

    17. Marcellus Shale Action in PA 17

    18. Outline of Presentation Where and Why Marcellus Shale Gas: Why Us? The Potential Scale of the Play in NY: Be Prepared for Big Numbers The Technique of Drilling and Fracturing: “Fracking”: The MOVIE Water: How Much, From Where Fracturing Fluid: What Is It and Why Fracturing Fluid: Where Does It Go and What Goes with It? Is It All Worth It? My Opinions, You Decide 18

    19. Why Horizontal Drilling and Hydraulic Fracturing? 19

    20. Thin Formation, Tight Rock Need to drill DOWN 3000 to 5000 feet in NY, but the Marcellus layer is only about 100 to 150 feet thick. Therefore, start vertical, then go “HORIZONTAL”! Marcellus shale is “tight”, meaning not many small cracks between joints, so the gas trapped in the rock needs to find a way out. Therefore, fracture it artificially and open the joints using “hydraulic fracturing”. 20

    21. “Horizontal” Drilling and Fracturing: The Concept 21

    22. A Typical Drilling Pad 22

    23. A Close-Up View of Perforations and Hydraulic Fractures 23

    24. 24

    25. The Barnett Texas Shale Gas Play: 40 to 80 Acre Pad Spacing 25

    26. Can Have More Than One Well per Pad 26

    27. Will Have More Than One Well per Pad 27

    29. Leases in Otsego County 29

    30. To Maximize Gas Recovery: Minimum 1 Pad on 70% of Every Square Mile 30

    31. 31

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    33. Horn River Area, NE British Columbia 33

    34. 34

    35. Outline of Presentation Where and Why Marcellus Shale Gas: Why Us? The Potential Scale of the Play in NY: Be Prepared for Big Numbers The Technique of Drilling and Fracturing: “Fracking”-The Movie Water: How Much, From Where Fracturing Fluid: What Is It and Why Fracturing Fluid: Where Does It Go and What Goes with It? Is It All Worth It? My Opinions, You Decide 35

    36. How Much Water For Each Well? Depends on number and size of hydraulic fracture treatments in that well Typically, much more than 1 million gallons There’s about 10 gallons per cubic foot, so… That’s at least 100,000 cubic feet, and.. That’s at least 1,000 seconds, 15 minutes, of flow in your favorite stream which flows at 100 CFS. Need large river flow rates, or lake supply to meet this demand 36

    37. What Else Goes Down The Well With All That Water? Proppant: Particles, like sand, transported into the fractures to keep them open after fracturing pressure release. Gelling Agents: Increase fluid viscosity to help proppant transport. Biocides: Kill bacteria that harm the gelling agents. Breakers: Decrease viscosity of the fracturing fluid, after the fracturing process, to improve flowback. Fluid-Loss Additives: Decrease leakoff of fracturing fluid into the rock. Anti-Corrosives: Protect metallic elements in the well. Friction Reducers: Allow high pressures and flow rates. Acid : Clean out perfs, well, fractures 37

    38. Breakdown of Additives to Fracturing Fluid 38

    39. What Comes Back Up? Called FLOWBACK Fluid and Produced Water When the fracturing process is completed, the pressure is released, and much of the fracturing fluid backflows to the wellhead*. The backflow will: be highly saline; contain some heavy metals (e.g. barium, strontium); contain non-people friendly fluid additives; contain a level of NORM. 39

    40. Where Does The FLOWBACK Go When It Comes Back UP? 40

    41. Centralized Flowback Storage Facility Under Construction in PA 41

    42. How many Pads, Wells? How Much Water, Flowback? 42

    43. “Recycling” of Waste Fluids 400,000 wells in the Marcellus alone: billions of gallons of waste fluids. Traditional O/G waste fluid disposal technique is EPA-regulated Class II deep injection well. Not available in PA/NY: unreceptive geology, few existing licensed Class II wells. Therefore, “recycling” and/or “reuse” key to reduction in environmental and health impact. 43

    44. 44 “Recycling” of Waste Fluids: Confusion in Terminology

    45. The Industry Is Still in the R&D Stage of “Recycling” Technologies 45

    46. 46 The Industry Is Still in the R&D Stage of “Recycling” Technologies

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    48. 48

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    52. Outline of Presentation Where and Why Marcellus Shale Gas: Why Us? The Potential Scale of the Play in NY: Be Prepared for Big Numbers The Technique of Drilling and Fracturing: “Fracking”-The Movie Water: How Much, From Where Fracturing Fluid: What Is It and Why Fracturing Fluid: Where Does It Go and What Goes with It? Is It All Worth It? My Opinions, You Decide 52

    53. The Letter I Wish Had Been Written 53

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    61. 61

    62. What is Acceptable Level of Risk for A Communal Industry? 62

    63. My List of Good Reasons for Prohibiting Immediate, Intense Exploitation of Marcellus Gas Shale in New York 63

    64. The Letter I Hope Will Be Written

    65. 65

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