research and innovation gathering information

1. research and innovationgathering information Alan Dix STRUCTURE + DIVERGENCE = INNOVATION

2. it is wise to learn from your own mistakes it is shrewd to learn from other people’s mistakes

3. other people’s work • what they write books, articles, manuals, notes, doodles • what they say interviews, discussion, news footage • what they do observation • what they make software, organisations, desks, notice boards

4. finding referencesgetting started • keyword searches • web, bibliographic databases, ACM/IEEE • what’s available • libarary, your bookshelf, other people • key sources • main conferences, specialist portals,home pages of ‘experts’

5. bibliographiesgoing backward in time syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a

6. syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a citationsgoing forward

7. syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a citation indices • library (book/CDROM) • ACM digital library • citeseer citeseer.nj.nec.com

8. syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a broadening out • place of publication • conference, journal • authors’ home pages • back-and-forward citations syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a

9. filtering references be selective! • keywords (unreliable) • abstracts • skim read • citation count • well-known expert? • criteria • relevance • authority

10. what details (title etc.) keywords (your own) mini abstract key points ... don’t just cut and paste from the web! where card index word processor file standard database bibliographic db web pages recording references

11. talking to people – who • client • user • supervisor/tutor • other staff • friends and contacts

12. talking to people – what you don’t know what you’re doing! professional — does it academic — knows about it

13. things people make Artefacts Embody Experience

14. what is good about it? why is it good? • what is bad about it?why is it bad? • why do it this way?

15. Artefacts Embody Theories e.g., mouse  hand/eye control better than typing

16. deep understanding helps • combine ideasavoid the crocaphants • change contexte.g., interfaces for the blind • improve and correct

17. Artefacts Embody Assumptions solutions depend on context e.g., speed vs. space for algorithms