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USCRN Science Program Progress Update

Learn about the US Climate Reference Network Program's latest advancements, station models, temperature extremes, precipitation records, and data access improvements. Find out about current USCRN activities, data quality control enhancements, and future science applications. Explore the program's impact on climate studies and its expansion into soil moisture monitoring.

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USCRN Science Program Progress Update

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  1. United States Climate Reference Network Program Status Michael A. Palecki USCRN Science Project Manager National Climatic Data Center DOC/NOAA/NESDIS The State of the Program is Good … And Getting Better! USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  2. USCRN Continental U.S. Deployment Completed in 2008 USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  3. USCRN Goals • Making science quality climate observations adhering to the Ten Climate Monitoring Principles of GCOS, NRC/NAS, and CCSP • Answering the question at mid-century: “How has the climate of the United States changed over the last 50 years?” • Serving as a reference standard for other networks, while evaluating new technology • Leveraging USCRN knowledge and infrastructure to support new missions USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  4. CRN Station Model USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  5. The Basics: How USCRN Works • Primary variables are measured with triplicate configurations that allow for intercomparisons: • 3 PRTs measure T • 3 wires measure P Grand Teton CRN Station Triplicate Temperature Sensors USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  6. Triplicate Temperatures • 3 PRTs • 3 fan speeds • equipment flags • Are used to calculate the 5-minute and hourly temperatures with an accuracy of +/- 0.3°C • This is far simpler than the algorithm for the precipitation calculation USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  7. Crossville, TN: February 2009 USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  8. Northgate, ND: February 2009 USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  9. USCRN Temperature Extremes • Highest Air Temperature = 126°F Stovepipe Wells, CA; July 5, 2007 • Lowest Air Temperature = -56°F Barrow, AK; February 3, 2006 • Highest Ground Surface Temperature = 160°F Stovepipe Wells, CA; June 24, 2006 • Lowest Ground Surface Temperature = -58°F Barrow, AK; February 3, 2006 USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  10. Quinault, WA: Rain Event, 01/6-7/09 USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  11. USCRN Precipitation Extremes • Greatest 5-minute: 0.73” Titusville, FL Jul 7, 2006 0.73” Lander, WY Jul 25, 2007 • Greatest 15-minute: 1.89” Titusville, FL Jul 7, 2006 • Greatest 30-minute: 3.08” Titusville, FL Jul 7, 2006 • Greatest 60-minute: 3.77” Titusville, FL Jul 7, 2006 • Greatest 1-Day: 17.83” Hilo, HI Feb 2, 2008 • Greatest 5-Day: 42.33” Hilo, HI Feb 1 – 5, 2008 • Greatest 7-Day: 46.86” Hilo, HI Jan 30 – Feb 5, 2008 • Greatest 30-Day: 63.47” Hilo, HI Jan 16 – Feb 14, 2008 • Greatest 365-Day: 184.90” Quinault, WA Oct 1, 2006 – Sep 30, 2007 USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  12. Current USCRN Activities • Provide improved access to hourly and daily USCRN observations: • hourly02 and daily01 ftp products • integrated surface dataset access • global historical climate network daily dataset • Develop additional layers of quality control and network monitoring • Facilitate science applications of USCRN data USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  13. Data Access Improvements • Hourly data ASCII text files available: • NOAA Family of Services • ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/uscrn/products/hourly02/ • Daily data ASCII text files available: • NOAA Family of Services • ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/uscrn/products/daily01/ USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  14. Data Access Improvements (cont.) • The ISD format of USCRN allows access through NCDCs systems • Currently, the QCLCD system allows access to some 5-minute data, hourly precipitation data, and daily temperature and precipitation data • Eventually, access through the Climate Database Online (CDO) system will increase • The GHCN-D format will place the USCRN in the premier daily climate data set produced by NCDC, including the addition of another layer of quality control USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  15. More QC, Better Network Monitoring • Identification of equipment events that have impacts on primary temperature and precipitation measurements • Rapid detection of intermittent equipment faults • Better monitoring of site stability • Development of new QC processes for secondary observations, including cross variable checks • Integration of GHCN-D QC results into USCRN data flags USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  16. Science Applications of USCRN • Using pseudonormals to generate monthly departures for USCRN temperature and precipitation • Threading USCRN departures with homogenized GHCN records to create long climate time series for each station and the continental U.S. • Identifying transfer functions between USCRN observations and those of other networks, including ASOS/AWOS, cooperative observers, and others • Publishing climate studies demonstrating the utility of the USCRN data and promoting their use in climate applications USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  17. New Directions for USCRN • Deployment of soil moisture / temperature probes and RH instruments across the USCRN network in cooperation with the National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) program • Develop new soil climate QC techniques made possible by using a triplicate configuration of probes • Estimating surface energy fluxes with the full suite of USCRN instruments • Cooperating with satellite remote sensing experts and soil moisture modelers with regards to using USCRN data for calibration and/or verification USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  18. USCRN Soil Climate Network USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009 18

  19. New Directions for USCRN (cont.) • New climate monitoring products, initially focusing on drought monitoring • Spatial/temporal data display capabilities for climate change detection and climate variability characterization, including extreme events • New and improved Web site in alignment with the climate portal concept USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  20. New Directions for USCRN (cont.) • New climate monitoring products, initially focusing on drought monitoring • Spatial/temporal data display capabilities for climate change detection and climate variability characterization, including extreme events • New and improved Web site in alignment with the climate portal concept • AND TWO NEW PROGRAMS!!! USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009 20

  21. USCRN in Alaska – FY10-14 USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  22. U.S. Historical Climate Network Modernization (HCN-M) • USCRN science, logistics, and computer processing are leveraged to provide the basis for HCN-M development and deployment • Experience gained by USCRN with the Alabama HCN-M prototypes proved very useful in assisting the full national HCN-M program • A goal of 1000 stations for the U.S. is specified to provide sufficient spatial resolution to resolve regional climate trends in the continental U.S. USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  23. USHCN-M Goal of 1000 Stations (black dots) USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009

  24. USCRN The Future is Bright USCRN PROGRAM STATUS MARCH 3, 2009 24

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