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Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

This overview explores the roles of mitochondria and chloroplasts in cellular energy processes. It explains cellular respiration's purpose—breaking down carbohydrates and lipids to produce ATP (energy) in the cell—highlighting key phases: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, while the Krebs cycle and ETC take place in the mitochondria. Additionally, it addresses the implications of lacking mitochondria, the significance of oxygen in energy production, and explains anaerobic fermentation as an alternative energy pathway.

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Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

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  1. Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

  2. Warm up • What is the purpose of the mitochondria and chloroplasts in cells?

  3. If you were preparing for a marathon, which of these would you need to take in the most? • Oxygen • Sunlight • Carbon dioxide • food

  4. ODIP

  5. All cells use cellular respiration • Breaks down macromolecules (carbohydrates and lipids) to make energy for the cell • ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) = energy in the cell • Energy is released when a phosphate bond is broken Adenine Phosphate groups Ribose sugar

  6. Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (glucose) (carbon dioxide) (oxygen) (water)

  7. 3 Phases • Glycolysis • Kreb’s Cycle • Electron transport chain (ETC)

  8. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm Krebs Cycle and ETC occur in the mitochondria Where respiration occurs

  9. Glycolysis Breaks down glucose Makes 2 ATP per glucose molecule Doesn’t need oxygen Kreb’s Cycle and ETC Continue the breakdown of glucose Makes 34 ATP per glucose molecule Needs oxygen Making Energy

  10. The Mitochondrion is the power station of the cell • Only found in eukaryotic cells • Made of 2 membranes (inner and outer membrane) • Has its own DNA! One = mitochondrion, more than one = mitochondria

  11. What happens if you don’t have mitochondria? • You can only do glycolysis

  12. What happens if there isn’t any oxygen? Fermentation: a process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, produces alcohol or lactic acid (causes cramping in muscles) Aerobic: oxygen present Anaerobic: oxygen absent Still does glycolysis, but no Krebs or ETC

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