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Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals for Health Management

Explore the impact of diet on health and disease through carbohydrate content in foods. Learn about functional foods and nutraceuticals that manage bodily functions. Discover glycemic indexes in various food types and their effects.

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Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals for Health Management

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  1. Lecture 3c- 23 Sept. 2013 CARBOHYDRATES III

  2. Overview of lecture 3c • Carbohydrate content of foods • -impact of diet on health and disease • Functional foods in the management of health and disease • Nutraceuticals in the management of health and disease • Next lecture-fibre -carbohydrates in health and disease • -WHATS NEW IN CARBOHYDRATE • RESEARCH

  3. INTRODUCTION • Different “regular” foods have differing levels of a variety of carbohydrates-can affect bodily function • Functional foods can manage carbohydrates in the body and can affect bodily function • Nutraceuticals can manage carbohydrates in the body and can affect bodily function

  4. Foods Glycaemic index • grains (includes breads and pastas) • breads -wheat higher than rye • pastas - lower than breads • rice and pasta about the same as each other

  5. Foods continued-glycaemic index continued Vegetables and fruits on average Glycemic index potato > yam legumes > root veggies fruits ~ legumes

  6. Foods continued Glycemic index continued milk products ~ fruits on average why? lactose=fructose in glycemic index

  7. Foods continued Glycemic index continued meats -very low glycemic index - but do not gorge gorge

  8. Functional foods Health Canada definition A functional food is similar in appearance to, or may be, a conventional food that is consumed as part of a usual diet, and is demonstrated to have physiological benefits and/or reduce the risk of chronic disease beyond basic nutritional functions, i.e. they contain bioactive compound.

  9. Functional food examples • fish • flax • canola • chicory seed-contains an oligosaccharide

  10. Functional food examples • http://www.foodfacts.com/NutritionFacts/Bread-and-Flour-Products/Presidents-Choice-Blue-Menu-Multigrain-Flax-Loaf-Bread--oz/37196 • http://www.countryharvest.com/en/product/sunflower-flax-breads/

  11. Fish increase insulin sensitivity? -perhaps due to w3 fatty acids

  12. Canola omega 3 fatty acids -may increase insulin sensitivity

  13. Flax • omega 3 fatty acids may increase insulin sensitivity

  14. Chicory seed • example of a resistant carbohydrate • affect colonic pH and stool bulking ol BULKING

  15. Nutraceuticals Health Canada definition A nutraceutical is a product isolated or purified from foods that is generally sold in medicinal forms not usually associated with foods. A nutraceutical is demonstrated to have a physiological benefit or provide protection against chronic disease.

  16. Nutraceutical examples • fish oil • flax lignan complex • flax oil • canola oil • evening primrose oil • hemp oil • chondroitin sulphate • glucosamine

  17. Fish oil omega 3 fatty acids – increased insulin sensitivity in some studies INCREASE?

  18. Flax lignan complex Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside molecule metabolites decrease blood plasma glucose concentrations perhaps via insulin sensitivity increase?

  19. Flax oil Omega 3 fatty acid may increase insulin sensitivity?

  20. Canola oil Omega 3 fatty acid may insulin sensitivity?

  21. Evening primrose oil -omega 6 fatty acids -reduces glucose impact on nerves in diabetes (improves nerve transmission speed)

  22. Hemp oil • mix of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids • speculation-effects as above with omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids

  23. Chondroitin sulphate polysaccharide -found in joints-cartilage -reduced in arthritis

  24. Glucosamine -polysaccharide linked to nitrogen group -found in cartilage in joints -reduced in arthritis

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