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Hard Rock music : From free radios to post radios

Hard Rock music : From free radios to post radios. What future for a marginalized phenomenon ? Nicolas Bénard Dastarac Docteur en Histoire Chercheur associé au Centre d’Histoire Culturelle des Sociétés Contemporaines – Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines.

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Hard Rock music : From free radios to post radios

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  1. Hard Rock music : From free radios to post radios What future for a marginalized phenomenon ? Nicolas Bénard Dastarac Docteur en Histoire Chercheur associé au Centre d’Histoire Culturelle des Sociétés Contemporaines – Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines

  2. Hard Rock music (HR) • Date of birth : end of the 1960’s. • Place of birth : Great-Britain. • Founding fathers : Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Black Sabbath. • In France : with Trust, HR enters medias (1980’s).

  3. 1990’s • HR splits into many sub-genders. • Musical, lyrical et visual toughening. • HR changes its name and becomes « Metal ».

  4. Evolution ofmedia-related supports :3 upbeats • « Liberation » of radios (1982). • Birth of specialized press (1983). • Internet expansion (end of the 1990’s).

  5. 1/ Hard Rock andFM :A brief history

  6. January 1981 : « Wango Tango » on WRTL. • 09/11/1981 law : the « liberation of radios » benefits HR. • HR spreadsthrough new associations. • Radio Panamededicated to HR.

  7. Evolution of broadcastsdedicated to HR and Metal musics • 1986 : Enfermagazine lists 11 radio shows. • 1990 : Hard Rockmagazine deals with 11 programs. • 1995 : Hard Forcemagazine presents 86 « partnerson airwaves ». • 2007 : 8 broadcastsin Metallianmagazine.

  8. 1982 – end of the 1990’sThe voluntary sector : • Enables HR toreach a large audience. • Gives the possibility to get round the obstruction of general-interest press. • Remains geographically limited.

  9. 2/ Internet revolution

  10. End of the 1990’s • Emergence of many web radios. • Specialisation ofbroadcasts. • International diffusion.

  11. La Grosse Radio(http://www.lagrosseradio.com)

  12. La Grosse Radio • Association « Loi 1901 » foundedon 29/12/2003. • Location : Courbevoie (92). • 3 portals dedicated to Rock, Reggae and Metal.

  13. La Grosse Radio Aims :“To promote neglected artists and creations. To share our passion of radio, the diffusion of programs through different ways : a website, a webradio, evening performances and shows. Last, to create radio broadcasts that could be sold to other radios and webradios.”

  14. La Grosse Radio Métal • Aims : “A flood of riffs mixing old-school legends experience with new talents boldness, enhanced with incontrovertible new releases. A surnatural mixture for a full and various programmation that leads you in every corner of metal music.”

  15. Activities • Music. • Live shows from the studios with guests. • Onthe portal : CD ’s columns, events forecasts, etc. • Blog.

  16. Radio Metal

  17. 2 portals • French : http://www.radiometal.fr • English : http://www.radiometal.com

  18. Radio Metal • Foundedon 01/04/2007 by Amaury Blanc. • Located in Lyon (69). • 20 employees (DJ’s, program managers, webmasters, photographs, video managers, translators, etc.) • Diffusion of written and recorded interviews.

  19. Radio Metal • Aims : « Most of musical sub-genres spread on French radio and tv […] In France, Metal is considered, by medias and decision-makers of the music industry, as a minor genre. The lack ofmedia-friendly recognition of Metal is an aberration for a musical genre whom headlight bands fill up biggest French concert halls only due to their reputation… »

  20. “... Radio Metal aims to promote Metal by increasing its media diffusion. We do not want Metal to monopolize networks because intensive media is harmfull to musical diversity. We just want to be able to hear our songs without imposing them to the masses at the same time. That is the reason why this musical platform was created.”

  21. Selling points • Present and future media.  • Internet enablesto reach an international audience. • Radio Metal is a leader in worldwide webradios network. • Professionnalism. • Related to abooking agency.

  22. Statistics • 3 - 4.000 daily listeners. • 1.400 forumers. • 20.000 songs. • 45% of listeners do not listen to FM. • 1/3 of Internet practices pertain towebradio.

  23. To conclude • Post radio fills a void and rises Metal music diffusion andcultural exchanges. • FM Metal radio shows used to federate members of the community.Post radio increases possibilities, but leads to an audience parcelling phenomenon. • Less visibility, less lobbying.

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