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H I L T Z U R O F F

Tribute to Roxanne Hiltz & Murray Turoff Pioneers in Science 2.0 Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Department of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742. H I L T Z

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H I L T Z U R O F F

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  1. Tribute toRoxanne Hiltz & Murray TuroffPioneers in Science 2.0Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.eduFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabDepartment of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

  2. H I L T Z U R O F F

  3. H I L T Z U M U R R A Y R O X A N N E F F

  4. J E B E N N Y

  5. M U R R O X A N N E A Y J E B E N N Y

  6. M U R R O X A N N E A Y J E B E N N Y

  7. Roxanne Hiltz & Murray Turoff June 2001

  8. Murray Turoff New York Univ., 1982 AMCIS, Keystone, CO, 2007

  9. Tribute toRoxanne & Murray Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.eduFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabDepartment of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

  10. Tribute toHiltz & TuroffBen Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.eduFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabDepartment of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

  11. Tribute toTitz & Ur-OffBen Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.eduFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabDepartment of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

  12. Tribute toRoxanne Hiltz & Murray TuroffBen Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.eduFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabDepartment of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

  13. Tribute toRoxanne Hiltz & Murray TuroffPioneers in Science 2.0Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.eduFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabDepartment of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

  14. Interdisciplinary research community - Computer Science & Info Studies - Psych, Socio, Poli Sci & MITH (www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)

  15. U.S. Library of Congress • Scholars, Journalists, Citizens • Teachers, Students

  16. Visible Human Explorer (NLM) • Doctors • Surgeons • Researchers • Students

  17. NASA Environmental Data • Scientists • Farmers • Land planners • Students

  18. NSF Digital Government Initiative • Find what you need • Understand what you Find Census, NCHS, BLS, EIA, NASS, SSA www.ils.unc.edu/govstat/

  19. Electronic Health Records: LifeLines www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/lifelines/

  20. Spotfire: DC natality data

  21. 6th Creativity & Cognition Conference • Washington, DC June 13-15, 2007 • Receptions at Nat’l Academy of Sciences & Corcoran Gallery of Art • Expand community of researchers • Bridge to software developers • Encourage art & science thinking http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/CC2007/ www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/CC2007

  22. Tribute toRoxanne Hiltz & Murray Turoff:Pioneers in Science 2.0Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.eduFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabDepartment of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

  23. Delphi Method The Delphi Method: Techniques and Applications HA Linstone Murray Turoff Year Google Scholar 1975 986 citations

  24. Network Nation Year Google Scholar 1978 181 citations 1993 481 citations

  25. Virtual Classroom Year Google Scholar 1994 516 citations

  26. Harasim, Hiltz, Teles & Turoff Year Google Scholar 1995 949 citations

  27. Technology Challenges • Computer Mediated Communication • Group Decision Support • Information Access • Universal Usability • Information Visualization • Creativity Support Tools • Learning Networks • Emergency/Disaster Response • International Development

  28. UN Millennium Development Goals To be achieved by 2015 • Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger • Achieve universal primary education • Promote gender equality and empower women • Reduce child mortality • Improve maternal health • Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases • Ensure environmental sustainability • Develop a global partnership for development

  29. Interdisciplinary Challenges • Modern problems are complex • Solutions require multiple disciplines • Laboratory studies have limited relevance • Natural sciences are not sufficient

  30. Science 1.0 • Reductionist • Controlled Experiments • Replicability • Laboratory

  31. Science 1.0 + Science 2.0 • Reductionist  Integrated • Controlled  Case Experiments Studies • Replicability  Validity • Laboratory  Situated

  32. Science 2.0 Emerges Interdisciplinary study of the made world Socially embedded Bringing closer together - theory & practice - basic & applied researchNew research directions (Emerson, Dewey, James, Vygotsky, Simon, Suchman, Hiltz, Turoff… … and many others)

  33. Science 2.0 Evaluation Methods Ethnographic Observational Situated • Multi-Dimensional • In-depth • Long-term • Case studies

  34. Science 2.0 Evaluation Methods Ethnographic Observational Situated • Multi-Dimensional • In-depth • Long-term • Case studies Domain Experts & Communities Doing Their Own Work for Weeks & Months

  35. MILC example • Evaluate Hierarchical Clustering Explorer • Focused on rank-by-feature framework • 3 case studies, 4-8 weeks (molecular biologist, statistician, meteorologist) • 57 email surveys • Identified problems early, gave strong positive feedback about benefits of rank-by-feature Seo & Shneiderman, IEEE TVCG 12,3, 2006

  36. MILC example • Evaluate SocialAction • Focused on integrating statistics & visualization • 4 case studies, 4-8 weeks (journalist, bibliometrician, terrorist analyst, organizational analyst) • Identified desired features, gave strong positive feedback about benefits of integration Perer & Shneiderman, 2007

  37. Long Range Goals • Harness Collaboration • Pair-wise • Small Team • Larger Group • Social Creativity

  38. Long Range Goals • Harness Collaboration • Pair-wise • Small Team • Larger Group • Social Creativity Thomas Edison: 1% Inspiration, 99% Perspiration

  39. Long Range Goals • Harness Collaboration • Pair-wise • Small Team • Larger Group • Social Creativity Thomas Edison 2.0: 1% Inspiration, 99% Collaboration

  40. Long Range Goals • Understand dynamics of • Trust • Empathy • Responsibility • Privacy • Etc.

  41. Social Creativity • Open Source, LINUX • Wikipedia, Citizendium, Wikia • Citizen Journalism, Democracy NOW • Facebook, LinkedIn, MySpace • Flickr, YouTube, Digg, del.icio.us • Second Life, World of Warcraft • Google Map Mashups (Chicago Crime)

  42. Social Creativity

  43. Democracy NOW

  44. Chicago Crime

  45. Wikideedia • Role Models & Inspirations • Make good deeds visible • Everyone is a role model • Tell stories to celebrate local heroes • Encourage generalized reciprocity • Build community efficacy & social capital

  46. World Wide Med • Emergency care network (secure/private) • If you are brought to an emergency room anywhere in the world, in 15 seconds your records are on screen in the local language • Lab tests, images, diagnoses added • Consultation supported with one click

  47. 911.gov: Community Response Grids • Emergency/Disaster Response • Reporting incidents • Disseminating information • Resident-to-resident assistance

  48. UN Millennium Development Goals To be achieved by 2015 • Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger • Achieve universal primary education • Promote gender equality and empower women • Reduce child mortality • Improve maternal health • Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases • Ensure environmental sustainability • Develop a global partnership for development

  49. Science 1.0 + Science 2.0 • Reductionist  Integrated • Controlled  Case Experiments Studies • Replicability  Validity • Laboratory  Situated • Individual  Collaboration

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