Critical Thinking and Nursing Practice

1. Chapter 10 Dr. Wajed Hatamleh Critical Thinking and Nursing Practice

2. Learning Outcomes • Describe the significance of developing critical-thinking abilities in order to practice safe, effective, and professional nursing care. • Explore ways of demonstrating critical thinking in clinical practice. • Discuss the skills and attitudes of critical thinking

3. Learning Outcomes (cont'd) • Discuss the relationships among critical thinking, the problem-solving process, and the decision-making process.

4. BEGIN WITH: Questions: What do I really know about this nursing care situation? How do I know it? What options are available to me?

5. Critical thinking: • “is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, Appling, analyzing, synthesizing and / or evaluation information gathering from or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning or communication as guide to belief and action”.

6. Critical Thinking • An intentional higher level reasoning process • Essential component of professional accountability and quality nursing care • Generated from a triad of professional, socioeconomic, and ethical/moral needs

7. Creativity is a major component in critical thinking . • •Creativity: is the thinking that results in the development of new idea and products. And is the ability to develop and implement new and better solution

8. Critical Thinking • Use clinical reasoning and clinical decision making • to practice safe and effective nursing care • to improve clinical systems • to decrease errors in clinical judgment

9. Critical Thinking Skills • Analyzing • Applying standards • Discriminating • Information seeking • Logical reasoning • Predicting • Transforming knowledge

10. Techniques in Critical Thinking • Critical analysis • Inductive and deductive reasoning • Making valid inferences • Differentiating facts from opinions • Evaluating the credibility of information sources • Clarifying concepts • Recognizing assumptions

11. Attitudes that Foster Critical Thinking • Independence • Fair-mindedness • Insight • Intellectual courage

12. Attitudes that Foster Critical Thinking (cont'd) • Integrity • Confidence • Curiosity

13. Critical Thinking and Nursing • Critical thinking underlies each step of the nursing process, problem-solving process, and decision-making process

14. The Nursing Process • Systematic, rational method of planning and providing individualized care • Assessing • Diagnosing • Planning • Implementing • Evaluating

15. Problem-Solving Process • Clarify the nature of a problem and suggests possible solutions • One situation contributes to the nurse’s body of knowledge for problem solving in similar situations • Commonly used approaches • Trial and Error • Intuition(is the understanding or learning of things without the conscious uses of reasoning (sixth sense). • Research process

16. Decision-Making Process • Decision making: is the critical thinking process for choosing the best action to met the desired goal • Choosing the best actions to meet a desired goal • Make value decisions (keep client information confidential) • Time management decisions (take clean linens in at the same time as giving medications)

17. Decision-Making Process (cont'd) • Choosing the best actions to meet a desired goal • Scheduling decisions (bathe clients before visiting hours) • Priority decisions (most urgent and ones that can be delegated)

18. Steps of Decision making • identify the priorities. • set the criteria: • what need to be achieved. • what need to be preserved. • what need to be avoided. • weight the criteria( set priority). • seek alternative. • examine alternative. • implement (placed into action). • evaluate the outcome

20. Developing Critical Thinking Attitudes and Skills • Self-assessment • Tolerating dissonance and ambiguity • Create environments that support critical thinking

21. Figure 10-2 Mind map for critical thinking in nursing.From University of New Mexico College of Nursing. Retrieved from http://hsc.unm.edu/consg/critical/what_ct.shtml

22. Box 10-5Types of Concept Maps

23. Figure 10-3 Types of concept maps: A, hierarchical; B, spider; C, flowchart; D, systems.