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Learn about the incredible process of cell replication, including the innovative 'Spray-on Skin' technique developed by Dr. Fiona Wood. Discover how cells reproduce, the significance of genetic material duplication, and the importance of mitosis in maintaining healthy tissues. Explore the risks of uncontrolled cell replication and the complexity of the cell cycle.
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‘Spray-on skin’ ODD FACT It has been estimated that each person replaces, on average, 18 kg of skin cells during a lifetime. Dandruff, skin cells from our scalps, represents just a fraction of the skin cells we must replace. Figure 4.4 ‘Spray-on skin’ or CellSpray, developed by Dr Fiona Wood. Skin cells taken from a patient are cultured and allowed to replicate. A suspension of these cells is sprayed onto burnt areas where they continue to grow and form a new skin.
Nuclear division leads toreproduction of cells • Cells reproduce during the cell cycle. • Cells can reproduce only if the genetic material is replicated. • The duplication of cells involves mitosis and cytokinesis. • The two newly formed cells each have the same kind and amount of genetic material as the parent cell. • Each species has a characteristic chromosome number.
How long is a cell cycle? Figure 4.9 The total time taken for one mitotic cell cycle can vary greatly from organism to organism. Note the checkpoints at which there appears to be self-checking to ensure that mistakes have not occurred during the synthesis of DNA or replication of the cell.
Mitosis occurs in a range of different tissues in different plants and animals. • Some eukaryotes reproduce asexually from a single cell. • Uncontrolled cell replication can lead to cancers.
