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Chapter 10 – Hispanic Substance Abusers in the United States

Chapter 10 – Hispanic Substance Abusers in the United States. Not much research on Hispanics Out of Many Peoples does not Come One Disagreement on what to call people from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Central America and other Latin America communities Trends in Substance Users and Research

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Chapter 10 – Hispanic Substance Abusers in the United States

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  1. Chapter 10 – Hispanic Substance Abusers in the United States

  2. Not much research on Hispanics Out of Many Peoples does not Come One • Disagreement on what to call people from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Central America and other Latin America communities Trends in Substance Users and Research • No real substance abuse done on Hispanics until 1984 • Research on Hispanics have been in two categories • Identify Hispanic substance abusers by their country of origin • Identify substance abusers by specific substances • Hispanics now largest ethnic minority group • Hispanics are younger when compared with other groups • Greater number living in poverty compared to African Americans and whites • Lower percentage have health coverage • Hispanics have less access to health care compared to other groups

  3. Hispanic Subculture • Opiates abused more by Mexicans • Opiates also highly abused by Puerto Ricans • Cocaine most abused by Cubans • Alcohol most abused by Hispanics • Substance use is generally lower among Hispanics than Whites • Hispanics consume more alcohol than African Americans, Asians and Native American teens

  4. Gender Gap • Mexican Americans and Puerto Rican respondents in a study engaged in more frequent heavy drinking than other Hispanic groups • Women engage in legal and illegal much less than their male counterparts but the gap is narrowing Machismo – holding one’s alcohol is proof of one’s masculinity • All males (regardless) of race believe a real man can “hold his liquor” • Single men drink more than married men • Young single males (Hispanics) were among the highest alcohol consumers and binge drinkers

  5. Other Selected Studies • Hispanics have higher tobacco use Acclamation • Degree of acclamation is a primary influence on Hispanics regarding their use of alcohol and other drugs • Hispanics use alcohol rather than community service agencies to deal with life stresses • Economic marginality (lower family incomes, increase high school dropout rates and English language barriers) are phenomena commonly linked with the risk for becoming a substance abuser Treatment and Prevention • See pages 199-200

  6. Families First • Evidence support the beliefs that Hispanic families play an important role in terms of causing, abating or presenting substance abuse • Poor family communication set the stage for association with delinquent peers • Extended family concept • Adolescents (12-17) females may be more likely to use stimulants and tranquilizers than their male counterparts • Use may continue throughout the above group’s life (see page 201) • If 12 step groups coed it may be difficult for male and female Hispanics to self disclose

  7. Baseline Information • See pages 201-202 What service providers should know Research Instruments • CAGE – being checked for validity and reliability for Hispanics • Researchers are developing instruments and scales to assess potential health risk factors of Hispanics • Cultural Lifestyle Inventory • Ethnic Loyalty Scale • Acclamation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans • Assessment instruments and agency materials must be carefully written in English and Spanish (Ramirez & Baraona, 2000; Santiago-Rivera, 1995) • See bottom of page 202 and top of page 203

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