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Abuser in Intimate Partner Violence

Abuser in Intimate Partner Violence. Hannu Säävälä et al Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry. The 9th NSFP Stockholm, 24-26.8.2011. Abuser in Intimate Partner Violence. Hannu Säävälä 1&2 , MD, PhD, forensic psychiatrist Riitta Hannus 2 , Social Worker

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Abuser in Intimate Partner Violence

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  1. Abuser in Intimate Partner Violence Hannu Säävälä et al Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry The 9th NSFP Stockholm, 24-26.8.2011

  2. Abuser in Intimate Partner Violence • Hannu Säävälä1&2, MD, PhD, forensic psychiatrist • Riitta Hannus2, Social Worker • Tuija Korhonen2, Psychologist • Riitta Pohjoisvirta2, Social Worker • Santtu Salonen2, Social Worker ===== 1Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry 2Oulu Mother and Child Home and Shelter

  3. Oulu Mother and Child Home and Shelter Outpatient and shelter Services for the victim, the abuser and the children Population base appr 200 000 Abuser in Intimate Partner Violence

  4. Integrated framework • Theoretical • socio-cultural: Gendered violence • Psychiatric: Individual psychology • Systemic: Family dynamics • Practical • Individual work • Family work • Team work

  5. Study data • All Client-cases during 2003-5, N=447 • Shelter 62%, outpatient 38% • Statistical analysis, 154 variables • Abuser 97% male • Victim’s violence in 22% of cases

  6. All client cases N=447 victim identif N=431 16 cases omitted perp identif N=425 6 cases omitted victim partner N=383 42 cases omitted partner cases N=374 9 cases omitted Selection of Study Subjects

  7. Aims of the study • Is it possible to differenciate between serious and less serious violence? • What are the differences in serious and less serious violence? • Violence: Problem of the abuser or Culturally determined?

  8. Intimate terrorism (IT) Controlling Serious physical attacks or traumatizing effect on the victim Common couple violence (CCV) Non-controlling Non-serious physical attacks and non-traumatizing effect on the victim Assessment of violence (Johnson 1995)

  9. In terror the size matters

  10. Mental traumatization is central to seriousness of violence

  11. Common couple violence (CCV) 75% Intimate terrorism (IT) 25% Classification of cases(% of all, N=235)

  12. Intimate terrorism Abuser’s violence more frequently In previous relationship (N=79, p=0.032) Lead to previous convictions (N=87, p<0.00) From the start of the present relationship (N=157, p=0.008) Towards children (N=146, p<0.00) Also outside home (N=137, p<0.00) Unilaterally (N=144, p<0.00)

  13. Intimate terrorism Abuser’s mental problems: More often Dominant traits (N=168, p<0.00) Labile affective traits (N=176 p<0.00) Paranoid traits (N=157, p<0.00) Dissociative symptoms (N=123, p=0.036) No depressive traits (N=131, p=0.004) Problems with intoxicants (N=178, p=0.001) Violent also when sober (N=124, p=0.027)

  14. Intimate terrorism is a mental problem of the abuserDutton 2007

  15. Intimate terrorism The Attitudes of the Abuser: More often patriarchal (N=152, p=0.002) Did not take responsibility of his/her actions (N=150, p<0.00) Was not motivated to strive for non-violence (N=163, p<0.00)

  16. Intimate terrorism is a culturally determined phenomenon Walker 1989, Archer 2006

  17. Problems of the Study • Standardization • Reliability of classifications • Missing info of clients • Generalizability of results

  18. Conclusions of the study • IPV is not a uniform phenomenon • We need integrated approaches to tackle the problem of IPV • It is possible to assess IPV • Helps to plan • Safety measures • Suitable working methods

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