Qualitative and quantitative Determination of Secondary metabolites and their

1. Qualitative and quantitative Determination of Secondary metabolites and their Anti-allergic potential in Taraxacum officinale,Eruca sativa and Mentha arvensis. Alia Sadiq1*, Muhammad Gulfraz2 Shahzad Hussain3 and Farnaz Malik3 1Atta-ur- Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, NUST. Islamabad. Pakistan 2Department of Biochemistry (UIBB) PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi. Pakistan 3National Institute of Health, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan *Corresponding author’s email:aliasadiq55@hotmail.com Abstract: The present work was carried out to determine phytoconstituents and anti-allergic activity of three medicinal plants, Taraxacumofficinale,Eruca sativa and Menthaarvensis. Qualitative and quantitative analysis revealed that these plants are rich source of major secondary phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, ascorbic acid and saponin), which may impart significant anti-allergic characteristics. The anti-allergic potential of these plants extracts determined by using in vitroHyaluronidase inhibitory assay. Ethanolic extracts of M. arvensis, E. sativa and T. officinale exhibited significant hayluronidase inhibitory potential (63%, 57%, and 55% respectively). Further, aqueous and organic extracts ofdifferent plant parts (root, stem and leaves) of M. arvensiswere evaluated for anti-allergic activity in mice by histamine induced paw edema model. Leaf ethanolic extract showed significant reduction (68.3%) in paw edema as compared to aqueous extracts (19.3%) of M. arvensis. Therefore, this study supports ethanobotanical use of these herbs against allergic diseases. a. At zero time Point b. At one hour c. At two hours d. At three hours e. At four hours Fig: 3 Anti-allergic effect of the administration of ethanolic extracts of leaves of M. arvensison histamine-induced paw edema assay (from left to right). Taraxacumofficinalis Eruca sativa seeds Menthaarvensis Results showed that leaf ethanolic extracts exhibited high inhibitory activity (68.30%) at the concentration of 100 mg/kg (Fig. 4). Methodology: Fig. 1: Different phytochemicals present in E. sativa, T. officnale and M. arvensis. Hyaluronidase inhibitory potential was evaluated for ethanolic extracts of T. officnale, M. arvensisand E. sativa. Ethanolic extract of M. arvensis showed highest anti-hyaluronidase inhibitory activity 63% at 300μg/ml (Fig. 2). Sample collection Aqueous and organic extract preparation Qualitative and quantitative analysis of secondary phyto-chemicals Introduction: Allergy is a serious health problem worldwide and it is defined as an immune dysfunction. Common allergic manifestations involve bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis and other skin disorders. The use of herbal remedies and standardized extracts for treatment of allergy and other diseases has been gaining momentum in recent years. The therapeutic value of medicinal plants attributed to the presence of different phytochemicals that may act individually, additively or in synergy for anti-allergic activity. Flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, triterpenoids, sterols (phytosterols), tannins, sesquiterpenoids, glycosides and alkaloids are the major classes of phytochemicals which may act as immune modulators. • Anti-allergic activity • Hyaluronidase inhibitory Assay (In vitro). • Histamine induced paw edema in mice (In vivo). Fig 4: Comparative inhibitory potential inhibition of paw edema by different extracts of M. arvensiswith standard drug. Conclusion: Results: Bioactivity based study revealed that secondary phytoconstituents impart their anti-allergic effects. Therefore, it support the claim about ethanobotanical use of these herbs. Further investigations regarding isolation and purification of a number of phytoconstituents may yield therapeutics for allergic diseases. Qualitative & quantitative analysis of plant extracts indicates the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, ascorbic acid, saponin, phlorotannin, tannins and their concentration expressed in mg/gm (Fig .1). Fig 2: Hyaluronidase inhibitory activity, exhibited by ethanolic extracts of T. officinale, E. sativa and M. arvensis at 100 µg/mL200 µg/mL and 300 µg/mL. Objectives: Thepresent study was conducted with the following objectives To evaluate secondary phytoconstituents. To determine anti-allergic potential of these herbs Kinetics and comparative inhibition of histamine induced paw edema by different extracts of M. arvensis (Fig. 3).