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American History Chapter 22-2

American History Chapter 22-2. The Second New Deal. 1934 - Democrats Controlled Congress. Roosevelt’s Second Hundred Days: Second New Deal : A flurry of presidential & congressional activity. There was a shift from giving direct aid to providing work opportunities.

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American History Chapter 22-2

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  1. American History Chapter 22-2 The Second New Deal

  2. 1934 - Democrats Controlled Congress • Roosevelt’s Second Hundred Days: • Second New Deal: A flurry of presidential & congressional activity. • There was a shift from giving direct aid to providing work opportunities. • WPA: Largest peacetime jobs program in U.S. history. • Employed millions. • Built roads, airports, zoos. • Worked in schools, museums, factories. • Hired artists, writers, composers.

  3. WPA

  4. Centerpiece of the Second New Deal • Social Security Act: Passed in 1935 • Provided a retirement pension for people 65 and older. • Included unemployment insurance. • Provided funds to people while they looked for work. • Excluded farmworkers, household workers, gov’t. employees.

  5. Labor and the New Deal • Organized labor gained strength: • NLRB was formed to allow workers to vote on unions. • Congress for Industrial Organizations: CIO was formed by John Lewis.

  6. Labor Continued • GM strike in 1936: The CIO led an autoworkers sit-down strike. • Workers refuse to work and to leave the factory. • After 6 wks. GM gave in – it was a huge victory for labor.

  7. Election of 1936 • Dem. FDR v. Rep. Alf Landon.

  8. Setbacks for Roosevelt • FDR, in 1937, tried to get Congress to reorganize the Supreme Court by making it larger. • He hoped to “pack” the court with New Deal supporters. • He failed & lost support from members of his own party.

  9. Supreme Court 2011 • Members:Chief Justice of the United States: JOHN G. ROBERTS, JR.Associate Justices: • ANTONIN SCALIAANTHONY M. KENNEDYCLARENCE THOMASRUTH BADER GINSBURGSTEPHEN G. BREYERSAMUEL A. ALITO, JR.SONIA SOTOMAYORELENA KAGAN

  10. Setbacks Continued: • Fall of 1937 saw another drop in the stock market. • Led to 2 million layoffs. • Gov’t. deficit was growing: Spending more $ than what it takes in. • Economist John Keynes suggested that deficit spending provides jobs and stimulates the economy.

  11. Do you think Mr. Keynes imagined this much debt?

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