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climate change

climate change. Mission. To emphasize the future effects of climate change on the United States and to provide wedges that would best meet the United States goal. To provide information about possible Clean Development Mechanisms and other partnerships within the United States. .

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climate change

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  1. climate change

  2. Mission • To emphasize the future effects of climate change on the United States and to provide wedges that would best meet the United States goal. • To provide information about possible Clean Development Mechanisms and other partnerships within the United States.

  3. causes and effects of Climate Change • come from the greenhouse effects. • greenhouse gases: water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_Gas

  4. greenhouse gases • resulted from human activities • warmed and increase the temperature of the planet by ninety percent • The CO2levels raised from 280 ppmto about 379 ppm due to the industrial activities in the last 150years.

  5. greenhouse gases • Loss of sea ice • Accelerated sea level rise • Instance heat waves • Increase in global temperature

  6. impacts of climate change in North America • Decrease of snowpack in mountains • Percent increase in yield of rain-fed agriculture • Increase intensity, frequency, and duration of heat waves in most cities.

  7. US goals • Five principal goals have been adopted to guide the CCSP. • Goal 1: Improve knowledge of the Earth’s past and present climate and environment • Goal 2: Improve quantification of the forces bringing about changes in the Earth’s climate and related systems. • Goal 3: Reduce uncertainty in projections of how the Earth’s climate and related systems may change in the future. • Goal 4: Understand the sensitivity and adaptability of different natural and managed ecosystems and human systems to climate and related global changes. • Goal 5: Explore the uses and identify the limits of evolving knowledge to manage risks and opportunities related to climate variability and change.

  8. WEDGES • wedges are some of the potential strategies that could be used in practice that could meet the goal of the carbon emissions for 2050.

  9. First wedge: EFFICIENCY • Using energy efficient products and practices at home and residential areas are the best way to reduce energy consumption. • Fuel efficiency for cars.

  10. Second wedge: FUEL SWITCHING Using natural gas that is equal to that coal-fired facilities used for all purposes today.

  11. Third wedge: CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE • Capturing and Storing carbon underground is one of the solution that is being studied and practiced in some of the coal-fired facilities.

  12. Fourth wedge: NUCLEAR ELECTRICITY • In order to meet the goals by year 2050, the US industry and so the rest of the world’s industry are trying their best to implement and to triple the world’s nuclear facility that produces electricity.

  13. Fifth wedge: WIND ELECTRICITY • Installing about one million windmills will ensure to replace the coal-based electricity and produce hydrogen fuel.

  14. Sixth wedge: BIOFUELS • Use crops such as corn to produce ethanol for fuel globally up to thirty times.

  15. Seventh wedge: NATURAL SINKS • Some of the ways to create natural sinks are: to eliminate tropical deforestation, plant new forests over an area the size of US, and to use conservation tillage on all crop land.

  16. Eighth wedge: SOLAR ELECTRICITY • This practice can power up a house. One of the goals for this is to install 20,000 square kilometers to use by 2054.

  17. Possible two wedges: • Sediment wedge: • Use for glacial environment; to stabilize ice sheets against retreat in response to rise in relative seal level at least several meters. • Reduce use of vehicles: • Using bus, transmit, and trains will help reduce the use of fuel as well as carbon emission vehicles.

  18. Clean Development Mechanisms: in N.America • Better efficiency practices in homes and businesses • Double efficiency of world’s cars/halve miles traveled. • Produce today’s electricity capacity w/ ½ emissions • Substitute 1400 gas plants in for coal plants • Implement CGS at coal plants/ hydrogen plants/ nat. gas plants • Triple the world’s nuclear electricity capacity by 2055 • Install 1 million 2MW windmills/ use 2 million windmills to produce hydrogen • Scale up current ethanol production by 30 • Install 20000 sq km’s by 2054

  19. Wedges effects: • slows down the increase in temperature • stable population

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