Chapter 3 Review

1. Chapter 3 Review Power Point/multiple choice style questions

2. 1 • Organisms that are able to convert inorganic CO2 and H2O into glucose with energy from the sun. • Producer • Primary consumer • Secondary consumer • Tertiary consumer • decomposer

3. 2 • Fungi secreting enzyme into a fallen tree are able to cycle the nutrients from the tree back to the soil • Producer • Primary consumer • Secondary consumer • Tertiary consumer • decomposer

4. 3 • A coyote that captures an herbivorous mouse • Producer • Primary consumer • Secondary consumer • Tertiary consumer • decomposer

5. 4 • Which pair of cycles are most associated with inorganic fertilizer and sewage waste? • Carbon & nitrogen • Sulfur and carbon • Phosphorus and nitrogen • Sulfur and nitrogen • Sulfur and water

6. 5 • In which biogeochemical cycles are humans most affecting the natural greenhouse effect? • Carbon & nitrogen • Sulfur and carbon • Phosphorus and nitrogen • Sulfur and nitrogen • Sulfur and water

7. 6 • Which 2 cycles are directly related to acid deposition? • Carbon & nitrogen • Sulfur and carbon • Phosphorus and nitrogen • Sulfur and nitrogen • Sulfur and water

8. 7 • A ____ consists of all species interacting with one another and their nonliving environment. • Habitat • Population • Community • Ecosystem • biosphere

9. 8 • Which of the following is NOT considered to be an organism? • A monarch butterfly • Trapdoor spider • Nucleus of a cell • American elm • orchid

10. 9 • The following is a list of levels of organization within an ecological hierarchy. Which shows the correct sequence from narrow to broad focus? • Species-ecosystem-community-ecosphere-organism-population • Organism-species-population-community-ecosystem-ecosphere • Ecosystem-species-ecosphere-community-population-organism • Organism-population-species-community-ecosphere • Ecosphere-ecosystem-community-population-species-organism

11. 10 • The biosphere includes all of the following EXCEPT: • Atmosphere • Troposphere • Geosphere • Hydrosphere • thermosphere

12. 11 • Life on Earth depends on three interconnected factors. Which of the following are involved in sustaining life on Earth? • I. Flow of high-quality energy • II. Cycling of Matter or nutrients • III. Gravity

13. 12 • A group of salmon swimming in a river would be an example of a(n): • Population • Organism • Community • Ecosystem • habitat

14. 13 • Solar energy flowing through the biosphere does all of the following EXCEPT: • Warms the atmosphere • Evaporates water • Generates winds • Neutralizes carbon gas • Supports plant growth

15. 14 • Most of the solar radiation that passes through the atmosphere: • Is degraded into longer wavelength infrared radiation • Is converted to gamma radiation • Is deflected off hard surfaces • Is absorbed by the ozone • Is absorbed by organisms

16. 15 • Which of the following is NOT true regarding the Greenhouse Effect (GHE): • The GHE is vital to continued life on Earth as we know it • The GHE helps warm the troposphere • IT is caused by the interaction of gaseous molecules that are excited by infrared radiation • It is based on the potential energy of the molecules in the air • It can be affected by the concentration of the atmospheric gases

17. 16 • Which of the following is a limiting factor for a grassland biome? • Number of species • Species of the grass • Size of the population • Number of organisms • Amount of precipitation

18. 17 • Which of the following is a correctly diagramed food chain: • Plankton – filter feeding clam—octopus—shark • Hawk—snake—mouse—grass • Scavenging vulture—oak tree—squirrel—fungi • apple tree—worm—salmon—plankton • Crocodile—antelope—lion--vulture

19. 18 • The % of usable energy transferred as biomass from one trophic level to another is known as: • Energy flow • Gross primary productivity • Ecological efficiency • Biological diversity • Range of tolerance

20. 19 • All of the following are true of Net Primary Productivity (NPP) except: • The rate at which an ecosystem’s producers can convert solar energy into biomass is used in determining it • The chemical energy which is available in producer’s biomass for consumers is used in determining it • It is higher in certain biomes receiving more solar radiation, like those found closer to the equator • It is higher in certain aquatic life zones in which the limiting factor of nutrients are available • It gives scientists information about the energy availability to support food webs in a given ecosystem

21. 20 • Which cycle depends on the work of specialized bacteria for several conversions? • Hydrologic • Nitrogen • Carbon • Phosphorus • sulfur

22. 21 • Which cycle have human disrupted by burning coal and extracting metals from rock that contain large amounts of this element? • Hydrologic • Nitrogen • Carbon • Phosphorus • sulfur

23. 22 • Ecologists utilize GIS (geographic information systems)to: • Develop mathematical and other models to simulate ecosystems • Critique their observations • Collect, overlay, and display data from various sources revealing composite effects within systems • Replace field and laboratory investigations • Take soil samples remotely

24. 23 • Generalized pyramid energy flow has only a 10% efficiency, while 90% of the energy is lost to the environment as heat. This phenomenon is explain by: • Law of limiting factors • Law of conservation of matter • The food web corollary • The greenhouse effect • Second law of thermodynamics

25. 24 • A type of consumer, these organisms feed on the waste or dead bodies of other organisms: • Detritivores • Chemosynthesis • Decomposers • Producers • omnivores

26. 25 • Through this process some autotrophs are able to draw energy and produce carbohydrates n deep ocean thermal vents. • Detritivores • Chemosynthesis • Decomposers • Producers • omnivores