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The Rise of Greek City-States Chapter 5 Sec.2 Sparta

Mr. Marsh Columbus North High School. The Rise of Greek City-States Chapter 5 Sec.2 Sparta. Where rivers played a major role in the development of Mesopotamia and other River Valley Civilizations the Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea developed the City-States of Greece.

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The Rise of Greek City-States Chapter 5 Sec.2 Sparta

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  1. Mr. Marsh Columbus North High School The Rise of Greek City-StatesChapter 5 Sec.2 Sparta

  2. Where rivers played a major role in the development of Mesopotamia and other River Valley Civilizations the Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea developed the City-States of Greece Geography of the Greek Homeland

  3. Geography Cont’ • Mountains and Valleys • Greece is apart of the Balkan Peninsula • Mountains divide the peninsula into many isolated valleys • The Seas • Hundreds of bays create safe harbor for ships • Seas allowed for trade and communication with other civilizations

  4. The geography of Greece influenced the culture’s development by • offering vast, open plains subject to invasion. • encouraging unity among the city-states. • providing good harbors and bays that encouraged trade. • encouraging farming but limiting foreign trade. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

  5. Polis-City plane developed by the Greeks • City was built on two levels • Top Level stood the acropolis • Temple dedicated to the City-States god or goddess • Second Level stood the market place, public buildings houses City-States

  6. In ancient Greece, free men were citizens of what political unit? • the Greek empire • the Greek nation • the state called Greater Greece • independent city-states [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

  7. Early Greek city-states were lead by a monarchy • Ruled by king or Queen • As nobles became more powerful the monarchies left and the development or an aristocracy came into play • Rule by the landowning elite • With the creation of a middle class we saw the development of a oligarchy • Power in the hands of a small, powerful elite typically the business class Early Governments

  8. Changes in Warfare • By 650 B.C. iron weapons replaced bronze • Iron was cheaper and stronger then bronze • More people could afford weapons which in turn meant more people could be apart of the city-states army • Creation of the Phalanx • Massive military formation

  9. Sparta

  10. Sparta • Ares-Greek god of War • People of Sparta were Dorian's • Found in Peloponnesian • Slaves that were prisoners of war and state-owned were known as Helots • Helots far outnumbered citizens of Sparta so strict control and a brutal punishment system existed

  11. Government • Sparta was governed by a monarchy of two kings and a council of elders • An assembly was made up of citizens • Citizens were native-born males over the age of 30 Sparta

  12. Sparta was a Military State Sick children were left to die At age seven boys began to train and they moved into military barracks At age 20 they could marry but could not move out of the military barracks until the age of 30 Men of Sparta

  13. Girls were expected to exercise and strengthen their bodies • Strong women made strong boys which made a strong military • Women had to obey their fathers and or husbands • Women could inherit property as well as run family estates because of men being off at war Women of Sparta

  14. Athens: A Limited Democracy • Located in Attica, just north of Peloponnesus • During the years of Athens aristocracy wealth and power grew • As aristocracies became to powerful discontent spread across Athens which lead to a democracy

  15. Athens developed a unique type of government. The type of government developed in Athens with all citizens taking part is known as • a democracy • an aristocracy. • a monarchy. • a tyranny. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

  16. Solon’s Reforms • Appointed archon (AHR kahn) or chief official in 594 BC • Outlawed slavery for debt • Opened high offices to more citizens • Granted citizenship to foreigners • Economic Reform • Encouraged trade

  17. Rise of Tyrants • Tyrants-people who gained power through force • Tyrants often gained power by granting aid to the merchant class • Tyrant meant person in power does not mean ruler

  18. Reformers • Pisistratus (ps SIHS truh tuhs) seized power in 546 BC • Took land from the nobles and gave to the poor • Created government building projects which gave poor people jobs • Cleisthens (KLIS thuh neez) • Created a council of 500 • First legislature • Law making body • All males over the age of 30 were members of the assembly

  19. Male citizens could participate in congress • Boys attended school (if the families could afford it) • Studied to become great public speakers • Music, poetry, reading, writing, and arithmetic Men of Athens

  20. Well to-do women lived in seclusion • Wove, cared for their children and prepared food • Poorer women worked outside the home tending sheep and working as spinners, weavers and potters Women of Athens

  21. Even though each city-state was independent the Greeks shared a common culture • Spoke the same language • Same ancient heroes • Common festivals • Same gods and goddess Forces for Unity

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