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Exploring DNS and Email Protocols in Computer Networks

Discover the intricacies of DNS and email protocols in computer networks, including domain name systems, resolution processes, SMTP, and FTP. Dive into header formats, user agents, MIME, and file transfer connections. Gain insights into name spaces, zones, hierarchy of name servers, and email delivery. Unveil the workings of recursive and iterative resolution, mapping names to addresses, and using TCP connections for FTP. Enhance your understanding of how these application layer protocols facilitate efficient communication over the internet.

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Exploring DNS and Email Protocols in Computer Networks

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  1. CS 1302Computer Networks— Unit - 5 —— Application Layer — • Text Book Behrouz .A. Forouzan, “Data communication and Networking”, Tata McGrawHill, 2004 Unit-5 : Application Layer

  2. DomainName System Unit-5 : Application Layer

  3. 25.1 Name Space Flat Name Space Hierarchical Name Space Unit-5 : Application Layer

  4. 25.2 Domain Name Space Label Domain Name Unit-5 : Application Layer

  5. Figure 25.1Domain name space Unit-5 : Application Layer

  6. Figure 25.2Domain names and labels Unit-5 : Application Layer

  7. 25.6 DNS Messages Header Question Section Answer Section Authoritative Section Additional Information Section Unit-5 : Application Layer

  8. Figure 25.3FQDN and PQDN Unit-5 : Application Layer

  9. Figure 25.4Domains Unit-5 : Application Layer

  10. 25.3 Distribution of Name Spaces Hierarchy of Name Servers Zone Root Server Primary and Secondary Servers Unit-5 : Application Layer

  11. Figure 25.5Hierarchy of name servers Unit-5 : Application Layer

  12. Figure 25.6Zones and domains Unit-5 : Application Layer

  13. Note: A primary server loads all information from the disk file; the secondary server loads all information from the primary server. Unit-5 : Application Layer

  14. 25.4 DNS In The Internet Generic Domain Country Domain Inverse Domain Unit-5 : Application Layer

  15. Figure 25.7DNS in the Internet Unit-5 : Application Layer

  16. Figure 25.8Generic domains Unit-5 : Application Layer

  17. Table 25.1 Generic domain labels Unit-5 : Application Layer

  18. Table 25.2 New generic domain labels Unit-5 : Application Layer

  19. Figure 25.9Country domains Unit-5 : Application Layer

  20. Figure 25.10Inverse domain Unit-5 : Application Layer

  21. 25.5 Resolution Resolver Mapping Names to Addresses Mapping Addresses to Names Recursive Resolution Iterative Resolution Caching Unit-5 : Application Layer

  22. Figure 25.11Recursive resolution Unit-5 : Application Layer

  23. Figure 25.12Iterative resolution Unit-5 : Application Layer

  24. Figure 25.13Query and response messages Unit-5 : Application Layer

  25. Figure 25.14Header format Unit-5 : Application Layer

  26. Note: DNS can use the services of UDP or TCP, using the well-known port 53. Unit-5 : Application Layer

  27. SMTPandFTP Unit-5 : Application Layer

  28. 26.1 Electronic Mail Sending/Receiving Mail Addresses User Agent MIME Mail Transfer Agent Mail Access Protocols Unit-5 : Application Layer

  29. Figure 26.1Format of an email Unit-5 : Application Layer

  30. Figure 26.2Email address Unit-5 : Application Layer

  31. Figure 26.3User agent Unit-5 : Application Layer

  32. Note: Some examples of command-driven user agents are mail, pine, and elm. Unit-5 : Application Layer

  33. Note: Some examples of GUI-based user agents are Eudora, Outlook, and Netscape. Unit-5 : Application Layer

  34. Figure 26.4MIME Unit-5 : Application Layer

  35. Figure 26.5MIME header Unit-5 : Application Layer

  36. Table 26.1 Data types and subtypes in MIME Unit-5 : Application Layer

  37. Table 26.2 Content-transfer encoding Unit-5 : Application Layer

  38. Figure 26. 6Base64 Unit-5 : Application Layer

  39. Table 26.3 Base64 encoding table Unit-5 : Application Layer

  40. Figure 26.7Quoted-printable Unit-5 : Application Layer

  41. Figure 26.8MTA client and server Unit-5 : Application Layer

  42. Figure 26.9Commands and responses Unit-5 : Application Layer

  43. Figure 26.10Email delivery Unit-5 : Application Layer

  44. Figure 26.11POP3 Unit-5 : Application Layer

  45. 26.2 File Transfer Connections Communication File Transfer User Interface Anonymous Unit-5 : Application Layer

  46. Note: FTP uses the services of TCP. It needs two TCP connections. The well-known port 21 is used for the control connection, and the well-known port 20 is used for the data connection. Unit-5 : Application Layer

  47. Figure 26.12FTP Unit-5 : Application Layer

  48. Figure 26.13Using the control connection Unit-5 : Application Layer

  49. Figure 26.14Using the data connection Unit-5 : Application Layer

  50. Figure 26.15File transfer Unit-5 : Application Layer

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